Study On The Morphological Development And Evolution Of The Ancient City Of Lianzhou In Hepu,Guangxi

Lianzhou ancient city in Hepu county is located in the south of Guangxi.Since the Qin Dynasty,it has been an important hub connecting Vietnam and Hainan in Guangxi.With trade,salt industry and pearl industry,it rose in the lower reaches of the Nanliu River near the sea.It has a history of more than 2200 years,and its rich historical and cultural resources need to be explored;It is also one of the departure ports of the "maritime Silk Road",a typical commercial city on the main traffic routes,and a frontier defense and military town in Lingnan area.Therefore,the ancient city of Lianzhou is a valuable sample for studying the site selection,planning,construction,development and evolution of traditional Chinese cities.However,with the rapid development of the city,Lianzhou ancient city is facing challenges such as weak awareness of protection,population migration,destruction of cultural relics,economic development and industrial changes.And the research on Lianzhou ancient city in Hepu county is mostly concentrated in the fields of history,archaeology and so on,especially the lack of research and comprehensive discussion works on the development and evolution of its urban form.Based on the above background,this paper takes the urban morphology of Lianzhou ancient city and its Chengxiang District as the research object.From the perspective of the general history of the city and urban morphology,combined with relevant historical documents,maps and field investigation materials,planning plan historical data,etc.,it combs the development and evolution of Lianzhou ancient city.Through research,it is found that after six site selection and relocation,Lianzhou finally built a wall at the site of today’s Lianzhou ancient city in the 3rd year of Yuanyou in the Northern Song Dynasty(1088),and has been developing to this day.Taking Lianjiang River as the boundary,it has formed a political and commercial dual center pattern of "one river,two banks,east city and West City";After the construction of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the city initially took shape.While continuing the pattern of dual center cities,it formed two axes,east-west and north-south;From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,influenced by western architectural forms and urban planning ideas,the city wall was gradually dismantled,and Lianzhou City expanded outside the city wall with the ancient city as the center;After the founding of the people’s Republic of China,the ancient city gradually failed to meet the needs of urban modernization,and the city center was moved to the southern end of the ancient city;After reform and opening up,Lianzhou began to formulate urban planning,and more functions were transferred to the East and south to the new city.The old city was in decline,and the renewal and protection of the old city became an urgent problem.Therefore,this paper divides the development of Lianzhou ancient city into six periods:(1)the period of site selection and relocation(214-1088 BC)from the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Song Dynasty;(2)The initial stage of Songcheng(1088-1368);(3)The formation period of the ancient city pattern from the Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty(1368-1876);(4)The sudden change period of the city after the opening of the port(1876-1949);(5)Socialist transformation period(1949-1978);(6)In the period of rapid urban expansion after reform and opening up(1978 to now),the research focuses on the changes that took place in the city in the five periods after the Song Dynasty was settled,and the macro,meso and micro level urban form elements in each period under the influence of the changes,including: the relationship between the landscape pattern of the ancient city,the urban contour and the urban form structure in the macro level;Land use structure,urban road network system and main street texture in the middle;Microscopically,the characteristics,distribution and spatial structure of buildings and blocks in the ancient city in various historical periods.On this basis,identify the characteristics,laws and driving forces of its evolution,and evaluate the advantages,characteristics and current problems of the city.In view of the renewal and protection of the ancient city,it is proposed that the ecological environment should be controlled and the landscape pattern of the ancient city should be restored on the basis of scientific understanding of the evolution characteristics of the urban form;Maintain the unity of the features of the main blocks;Reshape important nodes and realize the continuation of the traditional context of the ancient city.The innovations of this paper include three aspects,which are:(1)combing the development and evolution of the urban form of Lianzhou ancient city for the first time;(2)It is the first time to sort out the development and evolution of the urban form of Lianzhou ancient city;(2)Collect and sort out relevant drawings and data,restore the city layout map of each historical period,and supplement the historical map related data of Lianzhou ancient city morphology research;(3)Summarize the urban form development law of Lianzhou ancient city,and provide basis for its protection,renewal and construction.I hope this paper can provide a basic reference for the historical inheritance and protection of Lianzhou ancient city,the development of historical culture and the development and construction of the city;At the same time,it provides guidance for the research of cities in Qinzhou,Lianzhou,Fangchenggang and small and medium-sized cities similar to the ancient city of Lianzhou.