Study On Rural Landscape Optimization Based On Ecosystem Services Enhancement

The improvement of human well-being and sustainability increasingly relies on the services provided by surrounding ecosystems.Rural landscape ecosystem services,as a comprehensive and complex field of study,have gained increasing attention from researchers in multiple disciplines.In the field of landscape planning,maintaining and enhancing local ecosystem services has gradually become one of the design objectives.With the acceleration of rural revitalization,rural development faces a series of problems such as poor habitat quality,a single industrial structure,and a lack of regional characteristics,resulting in a decline in rural ecosystem service levels.Therefore,based on interdisciplinary integration,this study aims to improve the level of rural landscape ecosystem services.Taking Changkou Town,Fuyang District,Hangzhou City as the research object,this study identifies the rural landscape composition of Changkou Town and conducts in-depth analysis of its landscape features,clarifying the existing problems in the current rural landscape and ecological environment.By using methods such as the In VEST model and accessibility analysis,it quantitatively assesses the main ecosystem services of Changkou Town comprehensively,objectively,and scientifically.Finally,targeted strategies for optimizing the rural landscape in Changkou Town are proposed to enhance the level of ecosystem services.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)Through field surveys and geographic spatial analysis,the main rural landscape elements of Changkou Town have been identified,including agricultural landscape elements,forest landscape elements,courtyard landscape elements,water system landscape elements,and road landscape elements.At the same time,Changkou Town’s rural areas possess distinctive landscape characteristics such as "unique landscape patterns," "diverse settlement layout forms," and "rich rural cultural resources." However,they currently face issues such as damaged natural substrates and deteriorating rural ecosystems,diverse settlement styles with lagging planning and management,and the loss of traditional culture leading to the fading of local characteristics.(2)Based on specific types of ecosystem services,most of the rural habitats in Changkou Town exhibit moderate quality,while areas with poorer habitat quality are mainly concentrated in the central industrial region,showing a clear regional clustering phenomenon.The distribution pattern of carbon storage in Changkou Town is relatively stable,with regions of higher carbon storage mainly concentrated in the southern and eastern mountainous areas,while areas with lower carbon storage are primarily distributed in the central and most of the riverside areas.In terms of soil conservation,a large proportion of Changkou Town’s areas have low soil conservation capacity,with concentrations near the Fuchun River Basin.However,the overall level of cultural services in Changkou Town is relatively high.(3)The comprehensive assessment of ecosystem services in Changkou Town reveals that areas with extremely important ecosystem services have a relatively small proportion of the total area and are concentrated in hilly regions with higher elevations and greater vegetation coverage.Areas with important ecosystem services are scattered but are also located around the extremely important areas.Regions with relatively important ecosystem services are distributed along the southwestern part of the Fuchun River area.Areas with moderately important ecosystem services constitute a significant proportion of the total area,with most rural areas focused on agricultural activities and experiencing industrial convergence.Areas with unimportant ecosystem services are scattered and primarily found in regions with a strong economic foundation,high levels of urbanization,and significant alterations to the natural environment.(4)Based on the comprehensive perspective of restoring mediation services,ensuring supply services,and enhancing cultural services,targeted strategies for the development and optimization of rural landscape zoning in Changkou Town are proposed.Changkou Town is divided into the following zones: Ecological Conservation and Development Zone along the mountains,Riverside Leisure and Cultural Zone,and Diversified Rural-urban Integration Development Zone.The specific strategies include respecting the natural ecological foundation and restoring mediation services,coordinating the planning of industrial structures to ensure supply services,optimizing the rural cultural landscape to enhance cultural services.These strategies aim to improve the level of ecosystem services in Changkou Town’s rural areas.