Construction And Application Of Low-carbon Construction Evaluation System For Railroad Passenger Stations

"Carbon Summit-Carbon Neutral"is an important global initiative to address climate change,aiming to achieve carbon neutrality by reducing carbon emissions and increasing carbon sinks,protecting the earth’s ecological environment and maintaining human survival and development.The State Council has put forward new requirements for transport,construction,energy saving and technology through its energy saving and carbon reduction and efficiency initiatives,urban and rural construction carbon peaking initiatives,green and low-carbon transport initiatives and green and low-carbon science and technology innovation initiatives.With China’s"double carbon"strategy incorporated into the overall layout of ecological civilization construction,pollution reduction and ecological protection have become the focus of engineering and construction.Relevant studies have shown that the construction sector is still a key area with high carbon emissions,so measures need to be taken to control it in order to achieve green and low-carbon sustainable development.In recent years,the railway industry has been booming and has also promoted the development of railway passenger stations.In order to achieve low carbon construction in railway passenger stations,it is urgent to establish a set of low carbon construction evaluation system and conduct low carbon evaluation and diagnostic research for railway passenger stations in the construction process,with a view to providing some theoretical support and technical guidance for decision makers to formulate low carbon construction guarantee measures for railway passenger stations.The research results will help optimise the management of carbon reduction construction targets in railway passenger station construction,reduce carbon emissions in the construction process,and at the same time promote the development of the railway industry in the direction of green,low-carbon and smart to achieve the goal of sustainable development.The main research content of the thesis and the results achieved are as follows.（1）Research on the basic theory of low carbon construction of railway passenger stations.Collecting and collating information on green building,building carbon neutrality and other information,considering the realization path of low-carbon railway passenger stations from the whole life cycle and defining the connotation of low-carbon construction.It analyses how the theories of sustainable development,circular economy and clean production are applied to the construction of railway passenger stations,and proposes research ideas and evaluation methods for low-carbon construction of railway passenger stations.（2）A low carbon construction evaluation index system for railway passenger stations was established.Based on the specification,literature analysis and expert consultation,the carbon emission factors of low-carbon construction of railway passenger stations were identified.Through analysis and screening,five low-carbon construction paths based on construction machinery,construction materials,temporary facilities,organization and management,and ecological environment and carbon sink were finally established,and a low-carbon construction evaluation index system for railway passenger stations containing25 evaluation indicators was established.Combined with the information,the low-carbon construction level was divided into four grades:excellent（Ⅰ）,good（Ⅱ）,qualified（Ⅲ）and unqualified（Ⅳ）,and the grading standards of each evaluation index were quantified.（3）A low carbon construction evaluation model for railway passenger stations was constructed.Combining the characteristics of low-carbon construction in railway passenger stations,a combination of improved G2-Anti-entropy weight（AEW）-Lagrange optimal multiplier method was used to calculate the index weights.The Uncertainty Measurement Theory（UMT）was chosen to establish the low-carbon construction evaluation model for railway passenger stations because of the ambiguity and uncertainty of low-carbon construction indicators,and a barrier degree diagnosis mechanism was introduced to facilitate the identification of key factors affecting low-carbon construction.（4）Low carbon construction evaluation study of Xintang Station of Guangzhou-Shantou Railway.Taking Xintang Station as the research object,the on-site construction data was collected for carbon emission calculation and low-carbon construction evaluation diagnosis study.（1）The low-carbon construction evaluation results show that:the low-carbon construction level of foundation construction stage（A）and decoration and installation construction stage（C）is qualified（Grade III）,the low-carbon construction level of main construction stage（B）is good（Grade II）,and the overall low-carbon construction level of railroad passenger station（D）is good（Grade II）,indicating that Xintang station explores the low-carbon construction path of railroad passenger station with wisdom+green,and in general,it basically achieves low The diagnosis results of the barrier factors show that the main barrier factor in stage A is construction machinery,with a barrier degree of 25.78%;the main barrier factors in stages B,C and D are organization and management,with a barrier degree of 32.42%,35.68%and30.85%respectively,and the barrier factors with the highest frequency in the index layer are material localization rate(I₂₁)and construction of energy-saving and emission reduction statistical monitoring system(I₄₅)with a frequency of 30%,indicating that organization and management are the key paths to achieve low-carbon construction;（3）The calculation results of carbon emissions from construction machinery show that the carbon emissions from four types of machinery such as mills reach 600 kg CO₂/shift,which is the main source of carbon emissions from construction machinery.The above calculation results are in line with the actual situation of Xintang Station and verify the applicability of the research method of this paper.In addition,measures and suggestions for systematic research on the implementation path of energy saving and carbon reduction in railroad passenger stations are proposed at the project level and enterprise level respectively to achieve carbon emission reduction and carbon governance.