Design Of Aging Adaptable Transformation Of Public Space In Old Residential Areas From The Perspective Of Fitness Needs

As the era of deep aging society arrives,healthy aging is considered the most cost-effective and beneficial method to address the aging issue,and home-based elderly care is one of the primary elderly care models in China.Public spaces in residential areas,as the primary venues for daily activities of the elderly,are crucial carriers for healthy aging.Guiding the elderly to engage in fitness activities through a good living environment can effectively achieve the goal of healthy aging.However,in old urban residential areas with a high proportion of elderly population,the external space environment is severely aged,and the age-friendly transformation in the process of urban old residential area renovation is not comprehensive.To achieve a healthy lifestyle for the elderly through improving the residential environment,it is necessary to analyze the fitness needs of the elderly from multiple dimensions to guide the environmental transformation.This article is based on behavior change theory,hierarchy of needs theory,and environmental cognition theory,using literature research,field research,questionnaires,spatial syntax,and urban network analysis methods,taking the typical old residential areas in the central urban area of Changsha as the research object,and discussing how to carry out age-friendly transformation of old residential areas from the perspective of fitness needs.The main research results are as follows:Sort out and understand the theories and research status related to the elderly’s residential fitness and age-friendly transformation of residential areas;select three excellent domestic and foreign cases of public space transformation in old residential areas,summarize the transformation strategies and experience,and provide experience reference for theoretical discussion and practical application.Sort out and summarize the correlation between the needs,behavior,and environment of the elderly,analyze the fitness needs of the elderly,summarize the constituent elements of the age-friendly design of public space environment in old residential areas,including spatial layout,road traffic,space facilities,and greening environment,and elaborate on the key points of age-friendly transformation of community public spaces according to relevant norms and standards,and propose a method for analyzing age-friendliness in old residential areas.Select typical old residential areas in the central urban area of Changsha as the research object,investigate the fitness needs,types,and activity characteristics of the elderly and the existing problems of public spaces through on-site investigation,questionnaires,etc.Combine the results of theoretical sorting and current situation investigation to draw the age-friendly index system,develop an empirical scheme for age-friendly transformation,and provide a basis for age-friendly analysis of residential areas.Using UNA tools,spatial syntax,satisfaction questionnaires,and other methods,carry out qualitative and quantitative analysis of spatial planning layout,road traffic system,and spatial environment from three levels,and find that the old residential areas have uneven distribution of public spaces,fewer fitness spaces,insufficient road network connectivity,crowded activity spaces,and many damaged facilities.Based on the above research results,propose optimization strategies for age-friendly transformation of old residential areas under fitness needs and carry out renovation design for specific old residential areas in Changsha.