A Study On The Fairness Evaluation Of Spatial Layout Of 13 Children’s Parks In Guangzhou From The Perspective Of Child-friendliness

In recent years,with the acceleration of urbanization and people’s attention to the ecological environment,urban parks have gradually become an indispensable part of the city.As an important part of urban parks,children’s parks are important places for children to play outdoor games,exercise and social activities.Guangzhou is a megacity in southern China with a large population of children and the largest children’s park system in the country.In the construction of a child-friendly city,the spatial layout of children’s parks should be based on the needs of children as the starting point for reasonable layout to meet the needs of the majority of children.However,in the process of urbanization,there may be inequities in the allocation of spatial resources in cities,which will directly affect the quality of life of different social groups and the efficiency of public resource utilization.In this study,a spatial layout fairness evaluation model was constructed from three levels:quantitative fairness evaluation,spatial equity accessibility evaluation and social equity supply and demand equilibrium evaluation,and GIS spatial accessibility analysis method,spatial autocorrelation analysis method and statistical index method were used to calculate the per capita children’s park area and service radius coverage of children’s parks in various municipal districts of Guangzhou,the accessibility index of children’s parks in each urban spatial unit,and the social equity index of children’s park resource allocation.The problems and deficiencies in the construction and planning of the children’s park system in Guangzhou were revealed.It is found that the per capita children’s park area owned by children in various municipal districts of Guangzhou shows a pattern of low-high-low three-ring level in terms of spatial area,which is related to the history of urban development and planning direction.The service radius of Guangzhou’s 13 children’s parks covers only about 20% of the communities(villages),indicating that most communities(villages)need to cross a long distance to reach the nearest children’s park;Under different modes of transportation,there were significant differences in the accessibility index of children’s parks and the service efficiency of children’s parks in urban spatial units in Guangzhou,and they changed with the change of time and space scale,and the performance at the community scale was as follows: driving>cycling> public transportation>walking,the performance showed the same ranking law under the reachable time threshold of0.5 hours on the residential community scale,and the performance under the reachable time threshold of 1 hour was: driving> public transportation >cycling > Walk;The accessibility index of children’s parks in urban spatial units in Guangzhou has significant differences in the spatial patterns at different temporal and spatial scales,and gradually converges with the increase of the scale of the travel basin,and the spatial aggregation trend increases at the community scale and weakens at the residential district scale.There is an imbalance in the spatial distribution of the children’s park accessibility index of the urban spatial unit in Guangzhou,and there is a spatial correlation with the children’s population density of the urban spatial unit,and there are areas where the accessibility index of the children’s park of the urban spatial unit does not match the children’s population density space.The overall distribution of resources in 13 children’s parks in Guangzhou is relatively reasonable under the time threshold of 1 hour,but there is obvious inequality under the time threshold of 0.5 hours,especially the high-quality children’s park resources show extreme inequality.This study can provide a reference for the construction of child-friendly cities and promote the equitable distribution and sustainable development of urban public space.In addition,this research will also help to deepen the understanding of the equity of urban green space,provide reference for urban planning,public policy,etc.,and promote sustainable urban development.