| The rapid development of urbanization can not only improve the living standards of residents,but also meet the objective requirements of China’s economic and social development.However,with the rapid expansion of urban land,the original and rich types of natural landscape are gradually eroded by artificial surfaces,resulting in the gradual simplification of the landscape structure.The fragmentation of large habitat patches is increasing,which is vulnerable to interference from external factors,weakening the stability and risk resistance of the landscape structure.Reasonably constructing an ecological network can connect fragmented habitat patches through ecological corridors,treating the research area as an organic ecological entity,thereby increasing the connectivity and stability of the regional ecosystem structure,and playing a positive role in biodiversity conservation and rational utilization of natural resources.At the same time,in order to promote the coordinated development of regional integration in Shandong Province and fully leverage the leading role of the Shandong Peninsula,a new regional development pattern of "a group of two centers and three circles" has been proposed in the plan.As one of the three main economic circles of the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration,the provincial capital economic circle is located in the lower reaches of the Yellow River,with abundant resources.It is the main battlefield for Shandong to implement the major national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin,and ecological protection is of great significance.This paper takes the economic circle of Shandong provincial capital as the research area,takes landscape ecology as the theoretical basis,extracts land use data based on Landsat images in1990,2005 and 2020,and analyzes the spatial and temporal changes of the landscape pattern evolution characteristics and ecological conditions of the economic circle of Shandong provincial capital,including landscape change analysis based on land use and remote sensing image driven ecological index(RSEI)analysis,Based on this,the ecological network pattern of the Shandong Provincial Capital Economic Circle was constructed,and the dynamic evolution characteristics of the ecological network of the Shandong Provincial Capital Economic Circle from 1990 to 2020 were fully depicted.In response to the ecological network structure of the 2020 Provincial Capital Economic Circle and combined with internal location characteristics,a "four zones,one axis,and one belt" ecological network pattern was proposed,in order to provide scientific suggestions for government decision-making and promoting regional ecological coordinated protection.The main research conclusions of this article are as follows:(1)Between 1990 and 2020,the area of construction land increased significantly,and the area of arable land and grassland accelerated to decrease.Cultivated land is the main landscape type in the economic circle of Shandong provincial capital,which is concentrated in the plain area of western Shandong.However,with the intensification of urbanization,the area of cultivated land landscape has decreased seriously,and the dominance has gradually decreased.There is a mutual transformation between forest and grassland,but the grassland area is accelerating to decrease and the forest area is increasing,with Jinan City being the most obvious.As an important water source conservation area,water bodies are mainly distributed in the coastal areas of Dongying and northern Binzhou,except for rivers and reservoirs in the research area.The area has continued to grow over the past 30 years.From the analysis of landscape index,it can be seen that the overall landscape fragmentation has increased,the internal complexity of patches and the degree of edge irregularity have increased,but the landscape connectivity and risk resistance of advantageous patches have decreased.(2)Between 1990 and 2020,the average RSEI index was 0.62,0.62,and 0.59,respectively.The ecological level was mainly good and medium,and the overall ecological quality remained stable,but local fluctuations were significant.At the beginning of the study,areas with higher ecological quality were concentrated in Liaocheng,Dezhou,northern Jinan,southern Binzhou,and northern Zibo.The ecological quality of the Tai-Yi Mountain range was relatively low,but with the gradual intensification of urbanization,the range of lower ecological quality in the built-up areas and surrounding areas significantly increased.The ecological quality of the Tai-Yi Mountain range increased,and the ecological quality of Liaocheng City gradually decreased.(3)Over the past 30 years,the ecological network structure has become more complex,the fragmentation of ecological sources has intensified,and the overall connectivity of ecological corridors and nodes has shown a downward trend.This article selects ecological source areas based on forest land,grassland,and water as prospects to construct a full factor ecological network.Between 1990 and 2020,15,22,and 24 ecological source areas were extracted,with an increase in quantity.However,the area of ecological source areas gradually decreased,and the degree of fragmentation between ecological source areas significantly increased.Six resistance factors were selected from the three dimensions of ecological background,ecological stress,and ecological quality to construct a remote sensing ecological index.Potential corridors were extracted based on the MCR model,with 198,288,and 314 ecological corridors extracted from the three phases.Potential corridors were classified based on the gravity model.The first and second level corridors were mainly distributed on the north and south sides of the ecological and economic circle,and the number increased gradually.The Yellow River ecological corridor in the central region,as an important second level corridor,runs through the north and south,Increased landscape connectivity in the central part of the provincial capital economic circle.Based on the ecological red line data,the ecological source of the ecological network is optimized,the ecological network layout of "four zones and one axis and one belt" is comprehensively constructed in combination with the structural characteristics and regional characteristics of the ecological network,and the ecological resistance distribution and ecological functions of each region are combined to propose the adjustment strategy of the ecological network pattern,with a view to providing a scientific basis for the future ecological protection and regional coordinated governance of the metropolitan area. |
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