Research On Restoration Of Songwu Yunzhuang In Xiang Shan Jingyi Garden

Located in the northwestern suburbs of Beijing,the Jing Yi Garden at Fragrant Hill was built through the Tang,Liao,Jin,Yuan and Ming Dynasties until the climax of its construction in the Qing Dynasty.At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,Emperor Kangxi built the Xiangshan Palace at Xiangshan Mountain,followed by Emperor Qianlong’s massive expansion on the basis of the Xiangshan Palace to form the famous "28 Views of the Jing Yi Garden".At the end of the Qing Dynasty,most of the buildings and gardens were destroyed during the war.During the Republican period,the relics of the Garden were reused.As a large natural mountain garden in the "three mountains and five gardens" royal garden group,Xiangshan Jinyi Garden has considerable uniqueness and representativeness.Songwu Yunzhuang is a group of buildings built during the Qianlong period,of which "Qiyunlou" is built against the mountain and is one of the twenty-eight scenic spots,and the two clear springs near the compound are an important water source of Xiangshan Mountain,with a long history of construction.The construction of this scenery began in the Liao Dynasty,where the mausoleum of the Northern Liao Emperor Yelu Chun was built;in the Jin Dynasty,there was the famous attraction of the Dream Sensation Spring,and the Tamsui Institute,one of the eight major water institutes,was built here;in the Yuan Dynasty,the scenery of Xiangshan was summarized and refined into the "Eight Views of Xiangshan",one of which was the Drinking Fairy Cold Well with the monument Danjing as the main body;in the Qing Dynasty,the Songwu Yunzhuang was built in Qianlong eight years to complete the pattern,became one of the frequent attractions of Emperor Qianlong,directly depicting the scenery of the Songwu cloud manor of the imperial poems up to 67.At the end of the Qing Dynasty,Songwu Yunzhuang was destroyed,the Republic of China Xiong Xiling built this place as a double-clear villa and was reused,and then became an important red revolutionary relic because Chairman Mao had lived and worked here on the eve of the founding of New China.Due to the natural and important heritage value of Songwu Yunzhuang,and the fact that it could not be physically rebuilt due to the construction of the Shuangqing Villa,it is necessary to present the prosperity of Songwu Yunzhuang during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty through digital restoration technology.This paper uses a combination of documentary evidence,field research,and digital technology to study Songwu Yunzhuang,and focuses on the following three aspects:Firstly,we comprehensively collect and count the historical documents of Xiangshan Jinyi Garden,compile and summarize the textual materials such as imperial poems and archives,as well as the pictorial materials such as the style of Lei’s drawings and garden paintings as the basis for restoration,and sort out the evolution of Songwu Yunzhuang and the scenery of the Qianlong period based on the basic database.Secondly,based on the documentary research,the restoration design of Songwu Yunzhuang is extracted,and the effective information of the restoration materials is summarized and classified to provide empirical evidence for the restoration work.The restoration of the courtyard is mainly based on the style of Lei’s drawings,combined with garden paintings,imperial poetry and other documentary materials,as well as Qing-style building construction rules to restore the single building and other garden elements of Songwu Yunzhuang,and finally through drawings,models and other digital means to present the restoration results.Thirdly,Songwu Yunzhuang has superior geographical advantages and natural scenery.Based on the completed restoration results,we analyze the gardening techniques of Songwu Yunzhuang from four levels: asking for names with intentions,analysis of spatial structure,analysis of comparative relationship between several spatial groups and analysis of spatial details,and analyze and summarize its gardening characteristics through drawings and models to enrich and improve the system of gardening theory of mountain gardens during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.The overall study of Songwu Yunzhuang completes and enriches the research results of Xiangshan Jingyi Garden,and through the analysis of the layout and landscape creation techniques of the garden,we can further understand the gardening philosophy of Qianlong and enrich the study of his gardening ideas.At the same time,the restoration results can provide basic information for future conservation and restoration work,and help deepen the overall perception of the value of Xiangshan Jinyi Garden,so as to better serve the conservation and promotion of Xiangshan cultural heritage.