Research On Railway Cargo Inspection Point Identification And Safety Risk Classification

With the implementation of the cargo transportation structure adjustment and the promotion of mass cargo transportation policies such as " highway to rail ",the railway cargo volume has shown a trend of substantial increase.The total national railway cargo shipment increased from 2.1 billion tons in 2016 to 3.9 billion tons in 2022,and the railway cargo transportation has taken on more and more transportation tasks of important national materials such as energy,grain and mining construction.However,accidents occur frequently,which affect the safety and high quality development of railway cargo transportation.Railway cargo inspection is an important link of safety inspection and hidden danger investigation and disposal of freight cars and cargo loading status in transit,as well as an important measure to ensure the safety of railway freight transportation.However,through investigation and analysis,it is found that there are some problems in railway cargo inspection operation,such as unclear inspection items,unclear inspection focus,excessive reliance on manual inspection,intelligent inspection and identification technology implementation.In view of the above problems,this paper mainly uses the safety risk identification method to accurately and comprehensively identify the railway cargo inspection items,uses the safety risk assessment method to evaluate and classify the safety risks corresponding to the inspection items,and finally puts forward the safety prevention and control countermeasures and accelerate the development and application of intelligent identification technology for cargo inspection.Firstly,this paper collects and analyzes the freight safety risk information,and classifies and analyzes the safety accidents and threatening events occurring during the transportation of goods by national railway from 2017 to 2021 by using the method of accident statistical analysis,so as to extract the factors and causes of cargo transportation accidents.On this basis,the correlation model of "vehicle type-cargo type-inspection items" was constructed,and 52 failure modes in the loading and reinforcement state of railway freight cars and cargo were identified by the method of failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA),which were identified as the main items in railway cargo inspection.Then,fault mode,effect and criticality analysis(FMECA)method is selected and combined with analytic hierarchy Process(AHP)to construct a risk assessment model.The evaluation criteria of three evaluation indexes,namely severity,occurrence and detection,are constructed.The weight of indexes is determined by AHP,and the priority number of risks is calculated by three indexes.The security risks corresponding to 52 cargo inspection items are evaluated and verified one by one,and classified according to major risk,major risk,general risk,and low risk.Then,aiming at the status quo that railway cargo inspection operation relies on manual inspection and equipment detection technology is backward,the optimization idea of railway cargo inspection and detection mode throughout the whole process of railway cargo transportation is put forward,and the cargo loading quality control measures are proposed to improve the quality of safety training and education,perfect the rules and regulations system,and improve the source control measures.Finally,aiming at the problem of slow development of intelligent image recognition technology,this paper puts forward the intelligent identification alarm standard of railway cargo inspection items and the countermeasures to accelerate the research and application of intelligent identification technology in cargo inspection,which lays the foundation for the research of intelligent identification in cargo inspection images.