| China’s building energy consumption accounts for 46%of the national energy consumption,and the energy consumption of public buildings accounts for 30%of building energy consumption.The transparent envelope structure of office buildings is the weak part of building insulation,and it is also the channel of building natural daylight,and it would affect building energy consumption,thermal comfort and visual comfort.The glass structure of transparent envelope,window wall ratio,shading form and shading depth have significant influence on building total energy consumption,daylighting and thermal comfort.The influence degree is different in different climate regions.Therefore,this paper analyzes the typical urban office buildings in China’s different climate zones,and the influence of transparent envelope structural parameters on building energy consumption is studied and the climate applicability of different glass structures.It can obtain the optimal transparent envelope structure when meeting the indoor daylighting demand,achieving the lower building energy consumption and thermal comfort.Thereby providing theoretical guidance for the design of office building transparent envelope structures in different climate zones.The main research work is as follows:(1)Based on the heat transfer performance of double glazed,the factors affecting the heat transfer coefficient of double glazed are analyzed,and the glass structure is optimized.Response surface method is applied to the experimental design,and the optimal heat transfer coefficient of double glazed is 1.32 W/(m~2·K).Optimal structure of double glazed is that the outside is the 6mm thick low radiation glass with surface emissivity of 0.02,the hollow layer is 12.65 mm filled with 100%argon,the inner is6mm thick clear glass.(2)The optimized double glazed and common double glazed structures are applied to the office buildings of typical cities in different thermal climate zone in China.Influence laws of the change of window wall ratio on building energy consumption,and the climate application laws of different glass structures are revealed.When the building has no external shading and different glass structures are applied in four orientations,the variation law of total energy consumption with the window wall ratio.With the increase of window wall ratio,the total energy consumption of transparent envelope in Harbin is decreased in the south,increased in the north.However,with the increase of window wall ratio,the change of total energy consumption in the east and west orientations is more complex,which is related to the structure of glass.When using type A,B and D glass,the total energy consumption is increased,and when using type C glass,the total energy consumption is decreased.With the increase of window wall ratio,the total energy consumption of transparent envelope in Beijing is increased in the east,west and north orientations.While in the south orientation,when using type A and D glass,the total energy consumption is increased,and when using type B and C glass,the total energy consumption is decreased.With the increase of window wall ratio,the total energy consumption in Nanjing and Guangzhou is increased.The climate applicability law of different glass structures is as follows:The transparent envelope of Harbin office building using C-type glass in the east,west and north orientations is more energy-saving than using other glass.D-type glass applied in the south orientation is more energy-saving.The transparent envelope of Beijing office building using B-type glass in the east,west and north orientations is more energy-saving than using other glass.C-type glass in the south orientation is more energy-saving.The transparent envelope structure of Nanjing and Guangzhou office buildings using B-type glass more energy-saving than using other glass.(3)The influence law of different external shading forms of transparent envelope in different climate regions on energy consumption is explored.When the window wall ratio is fixed and the shading depth is the same,the energy consumption is compared after adopting horizontal,vertical and comprehensive shading forms for the four orientations of transparent envelope in different zones.The most energy-saving shading forms in each zone are obtaied.Vertical shading is more energy-saving in Harbin.Comprehensive shading is more energy-saving in Nanjing and Guangzhou.Horizontal shading is more energy-saving in Beijing under the case of the transparent envelope in the east,west and south orientations,while comprehensive shading is more energy-saving under the case of the transparent envelope in the north orientation.(4)The influence law of different external shading depth of transparent envelope in different climate zones on energy consumption is explored in this paper.When the window wall ratio is fixed and the glass structures are different in four orientations,the total energy consumption of Harbin is increased,Nanjing and Guangzhou is decreased with the increase of shading depth.However,with the increase of shading depth,the change of total energy consumption of Beijing is relatively complicated.When using horizontal shading form,the total energy consumption is reduced.When using vertical shading form,the total energy consumption are increased in the east and west orientations,and the total energy consumption is decreased in the north orientation.The change of total energy consumption in the south orientations is more complex,which is related to the structure of glass.When using type A glass,the total energy consumption is increased,and when using type B,C and D glass,the total energy consumption is decreased.When using comprehensive shading form,the total energy consumption are increased in the east,west and north orientations.The change of total energy consumption in the south orientations is more complex,which is related to the structure of glass.When using type A,C and D glass,the total energy consumption is decreased,and when using type B glass,the total energy consumption is increased.(5)For the transparent envelope of typical urban office buildings in different climate regions in China,different glass structures are applied in the east,west,south and north orientations respectively.Under the changes of window wall ratio,shading mode and shading depth,the indoor daylighting,thermal comfort and energy consumption are calculated to obtain the transparent envelope that meets the indoor daylighting demand,low building energy consumption and good thermal comfort.The results show that:according to the optimal solution of transparent envelope structure parameters of typical urban office buildings in different climate zones,compared with A-type glass under the same conditions,the total energy consumption in Harbin in sever cold zone can be reduced by 5.77%～10.37%,PPD can be reduced by 3.54%～26.67%,and the total energy consumption in Beijing in cold zone can be reduced by0.83%～7.08%,PPD can be reduced by 10.48%～17.30%,and Nanjing in the hot summer and cold winter zone,the total energy consumption can be reduced by 4.78%-9.52%,the PPD can be reduced by 5.84%-13.00%,and Guangzhou in the hot summer and warm winter zone,the total energy consumption can be reduced by 4.63%-10.18%,the PPD can be reduced by 7.31%-16.81%. |
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