| As a basic unit of parkland,urban community parks have a high degree of overlap with the daily lives of residents,and the leisure space of community parks is the main spatial carrier for residents’ interaction activities.As people’s demand for living environment changes to a higher level,the significance of the leisure space in community parks goes far beyond the material aspect of the traditional park space as an external landscape.However,community parks still suffer from the real problems of relatively lagging configuration of spatial services and single forms of use and interaction,which contradict the needs of people’s lives.In recent years,the innovation of science and technology and the development of the concept of interaction have brought new thinking to the design and optimisation of urban community parks.Based on the concept of interaction,the functional quality and ecological environment of community parks can be optimised to improve the quality of life of residents and enhance their sense of well-being.Against this background,this paper takes the community park in Shijingshan District,Beijing,as the research object,and investigates the problems and optimisation strategies of its leisure space.Taking the concept of interaction as the research perspective,based on the theories related to the concept of interaction and community leisure space,the research mainly uses PSPL research method,big data research method and visualisation analysis to conduct field surveys,and uses the Kano model and Likert scale to construct questionnaires to analyse and study the usage,satisfaction and problems of leisure space in four typical community parks in Shijingshan District.On this basis,the four types of community recreational spaces,including resting and viewing spaces,sports and fitness spaces,social and interactive spaces,and play and participation spaces,are combined with the design requirements of the interaction concept,and their spatial elements,landscape elements and facilities elements are proposed for optimisation strategies and methods.Firstly,this paper compares the relevant literature and existing cases to understand the connotation of the concept of interaction and the current situation of its application and development.The characteristics,levels and interaction with leisure spaces are defined.At the same time,the types,components and functional roles of community parks and leisure spaces are distinguished,and the necessity of combining interactive design with leisure spaces in community parks is clarified.Secondly,through field research and questionnaire analysis,the use of leisure spaces in community parks and the characteristics of residents’ interaction behaviour are understood.The main needs of different people in the community park are analysed,and the important factors influencing the leisure space in the community park are extracted.On this basis,an evaluation index system is constructed for the interactive needs of community residents and satisfaction with the environmental elements of the community park leisure space.Combined with data statistics and analysis,the interactive needs of residents in the sample park leisure spaces and the satisfaction of residents with the community park leisure spaces are analysed to explore the important factors affecting the interactivity of community park leisure spaces.Finally,based on the results of the survey and the existing problems,the direction of improving the design of community park leisure space interactivity is clarified,and the strategy of optimising the design of community park leisure space based on the concept of interactivity is discussed from five aspects: the preliminary preparation stage,the problem identification stage,the in-depth research stage,the problem solving stage and the post-management stage.With this as a guide,the four types of leisure spaces in the ancient city park are used as design objects,and design practices are carried out for their spatial elements,landscape elements and facility elements,so as to provide reference for the optimization methods of community park leisure spaces in the future. |
