| In recent years,global public health crises are frequent,and the COVID-19 that began in late 2019 has made the academic community pay renewed attention to the spatial elements in the spread and prevention and control of infectious diseases.It is of great practical significance and value to study the relationship between various links in the prevention and response of public health crises and the spatial function and form of settlements.Due to the diverse types and shortcomings of county settlements,it is urgent to study the demands and spatial intervention strategies of public health crisis response in county settlements.Under this goal,resilience theory and healthy city theory are introduced,the research progress in urban planning and public health is summarized,and planning is clarified as a way for public policy to "intervene" in the prevention and treatment of public health crises.By combing the main types and characteristics of major public health crises in human history,major infectious diseases are identified as the disaster factors discussed in this paper.At the same time,the characteristics and laws of major infectious diseases and the content of the infectious disease prevention and control system at the residential level were further sorted out,and the control measures of different response levels of the residential area were clarified.Based on the above understanding,the spatial demands of public health safety resilience in settlements are put forward,and the key spatial elements of five dimensions of land use and service facilities,road and settlement support systems,public space and building layout,landscape space and grassroots governance are analyzed through literature research method,and the index content and grading standards of each dimension are defined.Different types of settlement samples in the counties of the study subjects were selected,and the subjective and objective data of different spatial dimensions of the seven sample settlements were obtained through Arc GIS spatial analysis,research measurement,and questionnaire distribution.Taking the objective data of the built environment as the main body,supplemented by the subjective data obtained from the resident questionnaire and observation,the TOPSIS method(optimal solution and worst solution distance method)improved by the entropy value method was used to characterize its role in the evaluation system according to the difference in the distribution of index data,and a more objective index weight result was calculated,and the public health resilience score of the sample settlement was obtained.According to the calculation results of the index elements,the optimization strategy is proposed for the sample settlements studied,and the optimization scheme of the sample settlements is made.Finally,the spatial objective data of the optimized sample settlements were obtained,and the TOPSIS method improved by the entropy method was used to calculate the public health resilience score of the sample,and the results showed that the sample score after targeted optimization was significantly higher than the calculation result of the current sample,indicating that the established quantitative evaluation research method was more objective and accurate.According to the empirical test results of the sample settlement optimization plan,the generation mechanism and key spatial elements of public health resilience in county urban settlements were summarized,and summarized into three strategies:(1)basic living units with primary medical care as the core and multiple redundant service facilities as the support;(2)Adaptive design of epidemic conversion and emergency adaptability of space and place;(3)Health-oriented public activity space design.Based on this,the county public health resilience improvement active intervention strategy and planning and control methods are proposed. |
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