| The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward for the first time the"implementation of the rural revitalization strategy",and the rural revitalization strategy is the general strategy to promote China’s agricultural and rural modernization in the future.Based on the point data of 411398 Gaode POI villages in 2021,based on the spatial units of 471 counties(cities and districts)in the Yellow River Basin,this paper uses statistical analysis and spatial analysis methods to measure the spatial distribution of villages in the Yellow River Basin,constructs a rural development potential evaluation index system with the structure of"environment-humanities-resources-location-economy",and uses the minimum cumulative resistance value model to divide village types and rural potential zoning.Then,the geographic detector model was used to detect the driving factors affecting the distribution of villages in different potential zones in the Yellow River Basin,and finally the policy suggestions for the development of villages in corresponding potential zones were proposed.It is of great significance to strengthen the regulation and control of rural space in the Yellow River Basin under the background of land and spatial planning,and then comprehensively promote the strategy of rural revitalization.Studies have shown that:(1)The distribution density of villages in the Yellow River Basin was 0.340/km~2,and the densities of upper,middle and lower villages were 0.160/km~2,0.610/km~2and0.830/km~2,respectively.The overall distribution characteristics are shown as"few and scattered in the west and north,and many and dense in the eastern,central and southern regions",showing five major agglomeration areas of"southern Gansu,eastern Gansu,southern Shaanxi,northwestern Henan and Shanxi border,and eastern Henan and Shandong junction zone".Bounded by the"400mm precipitation line",the number of villages in the southeast is higher than in the northwest.(2)The number and density of villages in the Yellow River Basin were the largest below 100m,and the number of villages was at a maximum value near 1100m above sea level,indicating that it was more than the number of villages near the altitude;The village density curve is the largest value at the slope of 6°～12°,and then decreases with the increase of slope,and finally when it exceeds 38°,the village density curve tends to be flattened.The distribution of villages was Yangpo(36.85%)>Banyanpo(24.96%)>semi-yin slope(19.53%)>Yinpo(17.47%),and the number of villages distributed in Banyanpo and Yangpo accounted for 61.81%of the total number of villages.The density of villages in the Yellow River Basin increased with the increase of the annual average temperature,and the village density was significantly higher than that in other regions when the average annual temperature was 6°C～12°C,and the number of villages accounted for 68.34%;The number and density of villages increase with the increase of rainfall,until the rainfall reaches 600mm and gradually decreases,in the rainfall of about 400mm～600mm,the number of villages in this range accounts for53.60%of the total number of villages,and the village density reaches 0.110/km~2;Most villages were distributed in the area where the soil type was nascent land,the number of villages accounted for 34.58%,and the village density was 0.386/km~2.81.60%of the villages in the Yellow River Basin were subject to different degrees of hydraulic erosion,12.10%of the villages were located in the wind erosion zone,and less than 0.5%of the villages were distributed in the freeze-thaw erosion zone.46.66%of the villages in the basin are distributed in the deciduous oak forest sub-zone in the southern warm temperate zone,and the density of this area is 0.825/km~2,second only to the northern subtropical evergreen and deciduous forest mixed area with 18.99%of the villages.(3)Spatial autocorrelation analysis of village density values at the provincial and county scales,the Moran index was 0.159 and 0.266,respectively,and the Z value was divided into 7.571 and 9.315,showing the characteristics of spatial agglomeration.The hot spot analysis of the county scale of the Yellow River Basin showed that the spatial distribution showed a pattern of"two hot spots and three cold spots",with two hot spots distributed in semi-humid areas and three cold spots distributed in arid and semi-arid areas.(4)The minimum cumulative resistance value model was used to divide five categories:peri-urban integration,agglomeration improvement,relative stability,scale control,and improvement of rectification.Among them,the number of urban-rural integration villages was 58,898,accounting for 14.32%of the total number of villages in the Yellow River Basin.The number of agglomeration and upgrading villages was 100471,accounting for 24.42%of the total number of villages in the Yellow River Basin.The number of relatively stable villages was 115105,accounting for 27.98%of the total number of villages in the Yellow River Basin.The number of scale control villages was 104373,accounting for 25.37%of the total number of villages in the Yellow River Basin.The number of villages in the improvement category was 32,573,accounting for 7.92%of the total number of villages in the Yellow River Basin.The development potential of villages in each county and district was divided by the comprehensive resistance coefficient,and the natural fault method was used to divide the first-level potential area,the second-level potential area and the third-level potential area,and the proportion of villages at all levels was 38.21%,46.33%and 24.94%,respectively. |
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