Research On Route Optimization Of Container Multimodal Transport Considering Different Carbon Tax Mechanisms

Container intermodal transportation can improve transportation efficiency,reduce carbon emissions,and reduce logistics costs by optimizing the transportation structure.It is a low-carbon and efficient way of freight transportation.Carbon tax is a market-oriented policy tool to control carbon emissions.It guides low-carbon investment and drives lowcarbon innovation through the externality of carbon emissions from endogenous enterprises.It is used by many countries and regions.The “Special Report on the Design of China’s Carbon Tax System” promulgated in 2017 put forward plans for the implementation framework and launch time of carbon tax,but did not clarify specific issues such as the collection mechanism and tax rate level.Therefore,analyzing the emission reduction effect and impact of different carbon tax collection mechanisms and their tax rate levels in multimodal transport through path planning research can provide reference for government departments as carbon tax system designers and freight companies as specific decision makers.Aiming at the problem of container low-carbon multimodal transportation path planning,a dual objective 0-1 path planning model with the goal of minimizing the total transportation cost and carbon emissions were constructed under the unified carbon tax mechanism and the staged progressive carbon tax mechanism respectively,and then converted the model based on Monte Carlo simulation and the law of large numbers to maximize the uncertain objectives.Secondly,an improved non-disparity sorting genetic algorithm was designed for solving the model so as to obtain a relatively better solution to meet the target requirements.Finally,the applicability of the model and algorithm to the transportation problem under the dual-carbon background is analyzed through the numerical example of Port A,and meanwhile the impact of different carbon tax mechanisms on the total cost and carbon emissions,as well as the scope of application and effectiveness under the condition of demand fluctuations are also explored.The results show that under the dualtarget strategy,enterprises only need to increase the cost slightly to achieve a certain emission reduction effect,which is more suitable for transportation scenarios under the dualcarbon background;in addition,the staged progressive carbon tax mechanism has a more obvious effect when high demand is uncertain.The effect and advantages of emission reduction should consider the existing capacity and technical level of emission reduction of enterprises,and determine the appropriate carbon tax rate and emission threshold to mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises to reduce emission.Research can help to promote the economy and low carbonization of cargo container transportation,and help the realization of the port’s "dual carbon" goal.