Fire Safety Evacuation Research Of Subway Staition

With the acceleration of urbanization in China,the urban rail transit has been spreading fast.More and more cities start to construct subways.However,the unique strcture inside the subway station contributes to the issues of high density of people,poor ability of losing heat and smoke,and difficulty of fire fighting.Once the fire comes up,it may cause more serious consequence than we expected.Therefore,it is necessary to carry on the security study on the people evacuation at the subway stationThis paper takes the fire evacuation at the subway station as the research background.Firstly,we collected the deatails about the evacuating people behaviors in fire at the subway stations with the questionnaire survey.Then,the evacuation model was studied via classification and the relevant safety evacuation theory was introduced.Thirdly,we took the extended cellular automata model,and combined the crowd evacuation drill experiment and Pathfinder evacuation software,to carry out the evacuation research of subway train.Finally,we used the Pathfinder evacuation simulation software to carry on the simulation research of the evacuation software at the subway station.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Through the questionnaire survey,we analyzed the behaviors of the evacuating people in fire at the subway station,and examined the effects of population sex,age,educational level,fire experience,and fire prevention training on the evacuation behavior of the crowd.(2)The paper introduces the evacuation model,including three kinds of continuous models and three kinds of discrete models.The paper also analyzes the principles and some characteristics of the various models.(3)Using the extended cellular automata model,this paper analyzed the evacuation of subway train population.We discussed the simulation results of subway train,and proved the feasibility and accuracy of this model compared with the subway train evacuation drill experiment comparison study.Also,two suggestions were offered that the constraints of the model should be increased,and more models were combined,through the compared result with the simulation of Pathfinder which is a complete evacuation software.(4)Using Pathfinder software as simulation tool,this paper carries out the simulation experiment of evacuation of subway station crowd.This section draws the following conclusions:(a)Platform evacuation is better than tunnel evacuation.If the train can stop normally,the train should give priority to the platform evacuation.(b)If the platform passengers could evacuate before the accident subway train pits,it will shorten the evacuation time.(c)If stairs can be kept empty in the evacuation process,it will help improve the efficiency of evacuation.(d)The presence of will increase the difficulty of evacuation.Retrograde personnel should be avoided in the evacuation process.(e)In the case of a certain flow of people,continuously increasing the export width can not infinitely improve the efficiency of evacuation.