Research On The Restoration Environment Of Small And Micro Public Spaces In Urban Industrial Communities Based On Perception Dimension

As a cell project of "healthy city",how to improve the restorative utility of public space at the community level and guide residents to form a healthy lifestyle is an important issue in the construction of "Healthy China".Industrial communities are one of the types of park communities under the concept of park city development,and the small public space within the community is the most accessible place for outdoor activities of the community workforce under the fast-paced life condition,and is the grassroots component of the community public space system.The empirical research on the effect of environmental restoration is a key basic task to guide the design and transformation of healthy micro and small public spaces in industrial communities and improve the health service performance of industrial community public space systems.However,the current construction of micro and small public spaces in industrial communities generally continues the traditional urban community plant configuration and facility layout,without landscape environment design to meet the perceptual and experiential needs of the high-pressure people in these communities,which cannot stimulate the restorative potential of the community public space system.Studies have shown that the dimensions of human perception and experience in the environment include eight dimensions: Nature,Serene,Rich in species,Space,Prospect,Reduge,Social and Culture.(i.e.,Perceived Sensory Dimensions(PSD)),which can lead to stress recovery and attention recovery,but the restorative effects of each perceptual dimension in different environments and their differences need to be further explored.However,the restorative effects of each perceptual dimension in different environments and their differences need to be further explored.Therefore,this study selects nine mature industrial communities in Chengdu as the study area,clarifies the typology of their micro and small public spaces through literature review and field research,and analyzes the characteristics and extracts the "prototypes" of various spatial planes and facades with the help of typological theories and methods.Through semi-structured expert interviews,we determined the perceptual dimensions and environmental characteristics of the small and micro public spaces in industrial communities,and then obtained the restorative environmental characteristics of each perceptual dimension of the high-pressure workplace population in the study area through questionnaire surveys.On the basis of this,the research investigated the restorative effects and differences of different perceptual dimensions of various micro and small public spaces in industrial communities,and explored the environmental characteristics and landscape elements that exerted restorative effects;proposed strategies and modes of constructing restorative environments in micro and small public spaces in industrial communities,and carried out design verification.The research findings are as follows:(1)Small public spaces in industrial communities can be divided into pass-through type and residence type according to the type of people using them.Among them,pass-through type micro-public spaces are mostly 3-5 meters wide,linear in plan form,bounded by 5-10 floors modern style buildings or urban roads,surrounded by plants on both sides,and the ground pavement is mostly gray granite;resident type micro-public spaces are mostly 0.1-1.2 hectares in scale.The plan form is mostly rectangular,bounded by modern style buildings of 5-10 floors,with a small amount of plants inside the space,and the ground pavement is mostly gray granite.(2)The perceived environmental dimensions of the pass-through micro-public space include Nature,Serene,Rich in species,Space,Reduge,and Social,and the perceived environmental characteristics of the restorative dimensions include "the environment is quiet and free of traffic and construction noise.The perceived environmental dimensions of the resident micro-public space include Nature,Serene,Rich in species,Reduge,Social,and Prospect,and the perceived environmental characteristics of the restorative dimension include "there is an ornamental water body in the environment".(3)Environmental experience in a pass-through public space virtual scene has a physical and mental recovery effect and significant differences in all perceptual dimensions,Serene most promoting human physiological recovery and psychological recovery,followed by Nature and Rich in species.The environmental experience in the virtual scenario of the resident public space had a physical and mental recovery effect with significant differences in all perceptual dimensions,Serene most promoting human physiological recovery,followed by Reduge and Rich in species;Rich in species most promoting human psychological recovery,followed by Prospect and Reduge.(4)The main strategies for creating a restorative environment in small,pass-through public spaces are "creating a restorative space with a peaceful atmosphere" and "building a restorative space characterized by nature and richness of species".The main strategies for creating a restorative environment in resident micro and small public spaces are "to build a restorative space characterized by richness of species and nature","to create a restorative space with a sense of security ","to reduce the gathering of people and to reduce the social nature of the space".social".The research results break through the traditional concept that community micro-public spaces only satisfy the simple greening function,and obtain the restorative environmental characteristics from the crowd perception dimension,providing quantitative and qualitative decision support to enhance the restorative environmental construction of industrial community micro-public spaces,and guiding the evidence-based design of community public space system toward scientific and healthy.