Research On The Optimization Of The Built Environment Of Urban Parks In Chengdu City From The Perspective Of Physical Activity

The National Health Insight 2020 report states that since the new crown epidemic in 2020,the population’s physical and mental health has been significantly affected and health awareness has increased significantly.Studies have shown that physical activity plays an important role in reducing the incidence of chronic diseases and relieving psychological stress.Urban parks are important places for carrying residents’ physical activities,and therefore,studies on the correlation between physical activities and the built environment of parks are important for the health of the whole population.In this paper,the correlation between physical activity and the built environment of urban parks was studied using fieldwork and questionnaires in five urban parks in the central city of Chengdu.The main research contents include:(1)the behavioural characteristics and personal economic attributes of physical activity of park users.A questionnaire survey was used to obtain information on the physical activity behaviour of park users and to investigate the correlation between users’ physical activity behaviour and their personal economic attributes.(2)To investigate the correlation between physical activity of park users and the built environment of urban parks.Logistic regression analysis and Pearson correlation analysis are used to investigate the factors and mechanisms that influence the physical activity of residents in the built environment in terms of physical activity duration and physical activity frequency.(3)To propose an optimisation strategy for urban parks in Chengdu based on the physical activity perspective,and to select five research parks as examples for optimisation practice.Based on the above research,the conclusions drawn in this paper are:(1)When analysed in terms of individual socio-economic attributes,the age,education and chronic diseases of park users were significantly related to the length,frequency and intensity of physical activity of residents,while the gender of park users was only related to the intensity of physical activity.The older the age,the lower the education level,the more types of chronic diseases,the longer the duration of physical activity in the park,the higher the frequency of physical activity and the lower the intensity of physical activity.In terms of gender,women tend to choose low-to moderate-intensity physical activity than men.(2)The results of the correlation analysis between physical activity and the built environment of the park show that the built environment features that affect physical activity are: park maintenance(sanitary environment maintenance,water quality management),park facilities(children’s facilities,activity field recreation facilities,lighting facilities,public toilet facilities),park roads(road width,road length),and park vegetation(green view rate).Further analysis of the correlation between physical activity and objective built environment factors of the park showed that physical activity hours were linearly correlated with green sight rate,physical activity frequency was linearly negatively correlated with the percentage of children’s facilities area and linearly positively correlated with the width of the main road.The built environment factors that affect the duration of physical activity are sanitary environment maintenance,children’s facilities,plant landscape,activity field recreation facilities,lighting facilities and public toilet facilities,and their degree of influence is in the following order: sanitary environment maintenance > children’s facilities > plant landscape > activity field recreation facilities > lighting facilities >public toilet facilities.Those who were generally satisfied and satisfied with the maintenance of the sanitary environment tended to prefer physical activities of less than 1 hour compared to those who were very satisfied,those who were less satisfied with children’s facilities tended to prefer less than 1 hour,and those who were generally satisfied tended to prefer 1-2 hours.Using the very satisfied as a reference,the plant-satisfied population tended to be physically active for less than 2 hours.The built environment factors that affect the frequency of physical activity are children’s facilities,road width,water quality management,road length and activity field recreation facilities,and their degree of influence is in the following order: children’s facilities > road width > water quality management > road length > activity field recreation facilities.Those who are very dissatisfied with the children’s facilities tend to visit the park less than once a week,those who are satisfied with the road width tend to visit the park 3-6 times a week compared to those who are very satisfied,those who are dissatisfied with the water quality control tend to visit the park 1-2 times,and those who are very satisfied with the road length prefer to visit the park 3-6 times a week.(3)According to the above conclusions,optimization strategies such as focusing on management and care to maintain the aesthetics of the park,improving facilities to cover park activities,grasping the scale to enhance the comfort of the road,and increasing the amount of greenery to build a beautiful landscape are proposed.