Container Port Efficiency Evaluation Considering Undesired Output

As the central component of container transportation system,the transportation efficiency of container port has a direct impact on the transportation system.At present,the container throughput of both coastal and inland rivers in China is growing rapidly,which puts forward new requirements for container port construction.However,the management of the existing container transportation system is challenged by the further opening of the port hinterland cities and the enhancement of the effect of industrial agglomeration,the development of large-scale ships and the restriction of channel class.How to improve the organizational capacity and management level of container transportation through effective resource allocation has become one of the key issues concerned by all countries.In this context,how to improve the operating efficiency of container ports has become an urgent problem to be solved.Starting from the perspective of container port,this paper firstly reviews the relevant literatures about port efficiency and its influencing factors at home and abroad.Secondly,it expounds the port efficiency and related theoretical basis,deeply analyzes the development status of Chinese container ports and its comparison with the international status and analyzes the factors that may affect the efficiency of container ports.The data of 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020 were selected respectively,and the entropy method was used to screen the evaluation indexes,and a container port efficiency evaluation index system was constructed.The superefficient-SBM-DEA model considering undesired output was used to evaluate the efficiency of Shanghai port,Tianjin port,Xiamen port,Guangzhou port,Shenzhen port,Qingdao port,Dalian port,Yantai port and Ningbo Zhoushan Port,and a cargo throughput-comprehensive efficiency value matrix of container ports was established.Finally,the Tobit regression model is used to analyze the influence of various factors on the efficiency of container ports,including two aspects,one is the internal input and expected output factors of container ports,the other is the external environment factors of container ports.The empirical results show that the utilization rate of solid waste,cargo throughput,per capita GDP,import,and export volume have a positive impact on the efficiency of container ports,while the container throughput,the number of births,the number of handling equipment and the volume of road freight have a negative impact on the efficiency of container ports.The conclusion of this paper shows that each container port can strengthen the function division and improve the utilization efficiency of container port according to its own advantages.In addition,based on conditions,we should vigorously develop other industries of container ports and form commercial container ports,which will be more conducive to the future of high quality and sustainable development of container ports.