Construction Of Taste Biosensor Based On Living Bee Tissues And The Application Of Honey Quality Distinguishing

Honeybees(Hymenoptera:Apidae)are social insects.Worker bees can collect nectar and honeydew from plant flowers and combine their secretions to make honey.Their sensory system is wonderful,with a sensitive gustatory sensory system.The gustatory sens ory system is mainly composed of antennae,mouthparts and feet,distributing many gustatory receptors on the surface,which has a reliable ability to carbohydrates,so it’s very suitable for development of taste biosensors.This kind of sensor has more sup eriority in the bee product detection,especially suits the honey quality detection research.At present,the honey market is complex,and the quality inspection methods are various,but the instrument are expensive and need professional operation,it is difficult to meet the market demand for honey quality inspection.Thus,it is necessary to construct the taste biosensor based on honeybee living tissue for honey quality detection.The most common honeybees in China are the Apis cerana cerana Fabricius(A.cerana)and the Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola(A.mellifera),which are slightly different in their sensitivity to sugars.Therefore,the taste biosensor was made from antennae and mouthparts of A.cerana and A.mellifera,and the quality of honey was detected by using this biosensor.The main contents and results of this study are as follows:In order to detect carbohydrates by taste bio sensor,a set of sensing system based on cyclic voltammetry is built in this paper,which can specifically detect carbohydrates by simulating the sensing ability of bee gustatory sensory system.Firstly,the paper puts forward the scheme of making a taste biosensor by modifying glassy carbon electrode(GCE)with bee taste sensing tissue.Then GCE was pre-processed to make taste biosensor.Finally,electrochemical workstation was used to complete electrode characterization test and taste biosensor detection ability test.In order to test detection ability of taste biosensor,constructing 4 sets of taste biosensors based on honeybee living tissue,and the combination of 5carbohydrates with taste tissue were detected by using sensors.5 carbohydrates are sucrose,fructose syrup,2 kinds of acacia honey and 1 kind of soil-honey,their numbers are ZT,F55,CH1,CH2 and CH3,respectively.The results show that peak current decreases with the increase of sample concentration,and the ratio of peak current changes is proportional to sample concentration.Sensitivity range of taste biosensor based on A.cerana and A.mellifera antennae was 2.069～7.378 and 1.652～5.513 respectively,and range of R~2was 0.9746～0.9926 and 0.9462～0.9943;sensitivity range of taste biosensor based on A.cerana and A.mellifera mouthparts was 1.989～8.571 and 1.719～8.031,and range of R~2 was 0.9480～0.9949 and 0.9746～0.9869,respectively.Moreover,the sensitivity of 4 sensors was higher than that of 2 carbohydrates.It shows that taste biosensor has retained the function of bee taste tissu e and can be used for selective and quantitative detection of honey.Comparing the sensitivity and correlation coefficient of honey detected by 4 sets of sensors,it was found that the sensitivity and correlation coefficient of A.cerana mouthparts were higher than those of other sensors.Fructose glucose syrup and 5 kinds of honey were selected to study the ability of taste biosensor based on A.cerana mouthparts tissue to detect the quality of honey,numbered F55,H0,H1,H2,H3,H4,respectively.The results showed that the order of sensitivity was H3>H2>H4>H0>H1>F55,and R~2 was H1>H0>F55>H3>H4>H2.According to the results of regression analysis,the detection model of the sensor was established.The optimum concentration range for the sensor to distinguish mature hone y from commercial honey is 0.16 g/m L～0.18 g/m L,and the optimum concentration range for the sensor to distinguish mature honey from fructose glucose syrup is0.08 g/m L～0.1g/m L.It was found that the honey detection model based on A.cerana mouthparts tissue biosensor could identify the different quality honey stably and reliably in the optimum concentration range.This study will provide a case study for tissue-based taste biosensor,and provide a biosensor detection protocol for honey quality d etection.It has great application value in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and the healthy development of the domestic honey market.