| Loxostege sticticalis L.is a heterogeneous(poly)feeding pest that occurs frequently in northern of China.It can feed on more than 259 species of plants in 48 families,including a variety of economic crops for agriculture and animal husbandry.It prefers most types of host plants such as Compositae,Leguminosae,and Chenopodiaceae,which have caused serious losses to Chinese agriculture and animal husbandry production.At present,the main method is chemical agent to control L.sticticalis L,but it poses a huge threat to environmental safety and human and animal health because of using extensively.It is urgent to find an environmentally friendly,safe and pollution-free control method.Plant-derived attractants have gradually attracted people’s attention as a micro-high-efficiency,low-resistance for crops after using and environmentally friendly chemical substitute.In this study,dynamic headspace adsorption(DHA)and solid-phase microextraction(SPME)combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were used to collect and identify the volatile odor compounds of three Leguminosae sp.plants: M.ruthenica L.,G.max [L.] Merr.,and G.soja Sieb.et Zucc..Focusing on M.ruthenica L.,which was the most seriously damaged in Taigu County,Shanxi Province from 2019 to 2020,the main volatile component and relative content of M.ruthenica L.were analyzed under three conditions: health,mechanical damage and insect damage.And the EAG electrophysiological and behavioral responses of L.sticticalis L.to volatiles compounds of M.ruthenica L.were determined.The mixture with strong attractant effect were selected as the plant-derived attractant formulas to L.sticticalis L,and the trapping experiment was carried out in the field.The following are the main findings:1.The volatiles of the three Leguminosae sp.plants of M.ruthenica L.,G.max [L.] Merr.,and G.soja Sieb.et Zucc.collected by DHA and SPME mainly include 7 categories: alcohols,aldehydes,acids,esters,ketones,terpenes and hydrocarbons.Among them,the DHA determined that there are 33,18,and 16 volatiles in M.ruthenica L.,G.max [L.] Merr.,and G.soja Sieb.et Zucc.,respectively;the SPME determined that there are 24,24,and 22 volatiles in M.ruthenica L.,G.max [L.] Merr.,and G.soja Sieb.et Zucc.,respectively.2.The volatiles of the M.ruthenica L.collected by DHA under the three condicions of health,mechanical damage and insect damage total 10 categories and 62 species,of which 8 categories and 17 volatiles are common components.In the M.ruthenica L.,there are 41 kinds of compounds released in the healthy state,43 kinds of compounds in the mechanically damaged state,and 38 kinds of compounds in the insect damage state.In each state,the types and contents of the volatiles released by the M.ruthenica L.changed significantly.3.The results of EAG showed that the adult L.sticticalis L.responded differently to the 5 different concentrations of 9 volatiles,among which the EAG response to 3-octanol was the strongest.Except for ethanone,1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-and 1,3-diacetytlbenzene,the EAG response values of other volatiles first increased and then decreased with the increase of concentration,and all reached the maximum value of EAG reaction when the concentration was 10 μg/μL.The behavioral test results of the Y-type olfactory instrument showed that the adult L.sticticalis L.had different responses to different components and different concentrations of volatiles.Among them,the leaf alcohol,4-isopropylbenzyl alcohol,4-ethylbenzaldehyde at 0.01 μg/μL and 3-octanone at 100 μg/μL had a strong attraction to the L.sticticalis L..4.The results of the wind tunnel behavior test showed that the response rate of the L.sticticalis L.to the mixture of different components were different on exciting,take-off,approaching the source of lures and landing.Among them,the ternary component and the full component had better attracting effects on the L.sticticalis L..Field trapping test results showed that: leaf alcohol: 4-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol:4-Ethylbenzaldehyde = 4: 7: 1,leaf alcohol: 4-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol: 3-Octanone = 6: 4: 9,leaf alcohol:4-Ethylbenzaldehyde: 3-Octanone = 13: 1: 5 had the best trapping effect on the 10 th day of the survey;the mixture of 4-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol: 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde: 3-Octanone = 8: 1: 5 and leaf alcohol:4-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol: 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde: 3-Octanone = 13: 8: 1: 5 had the best trapping effect on the 10 th day of the survey. |
