| Zinc is one of the trace elements necessary for the human body and is called the "smart element",which plays an important role in the development of human intelligence and physical health.Waxy corn is a kind of fresh food crop that is loved by people.Research on the safe production of zinc-rich waxy corn is one of the effective ways to eliminate zinc deficiency.In order to screen the varieties that efficiently absorb and utilize zinc,explore the physiological mechanism of the effect of zinc spray on waxy corn,clarify the optimal amount of zinc spray on the leaves,and compare the differences in the effects of different zinc sources on waxy corn.In this experiment,the split zone design method was used to compare the differences in physiological indicators,yields and functional components in grains of different waxy corn varieties under two zinc sources and different zinc spray levels.The main results are as follows:(1)Foliar spraying of zinc sulfate and water-soluble zinc fertilizer can increase the POD activity,soluble protein and chlorophyll content of waxy corn leaves,and reduce the MDA content.With the increase in the amount of zinc spraying,under the treatment of C2(2.625kg/hm~2),the POD activity,soluble protein and chlorophyll content were significantly higher than the control,increasing by 13.20%,14.07% and 13.58%,respectively.MDA in C2(2.625kg/hm~2)treatment is significantly lower than the control,a decrease of18.10%.(2)Foliar spraying with proper amount of zinc fertilizer is beneficial to the growth and development of waxy corn.Jinnuo 18 is significantly better than Jindanuo 41.There is no significant difference in the effects of two zinc sources on the agronomic characteristics of waxy corn.The plant height and stem thickness of the two varieties reached the maximum under the C2(2.625kg/hm~2)treatment,and the ear height reached the minimum under the C2(2.625kg/hm~2)treatment.The contribution of variety,zinc source and amount of zinc spray to agronomic traits is as follows: variety> spray amount> zinc source.(3)Spraying two kinds of zinc sources can increase the ear weight,ear length,ear thickness,ear row number,row kernel number and axis weight of waxy corn,and reduce the length of the bald tip.Under a single factor,the yield of Jinnuo 18 was significantly higher than that of Jindanuo 41;compared with zinc sulfate,the water-soluble zinc fertilizer treatment significantly increased the fresh ear yield of waxy corn by2.48%;both the fresh ear yield and the fresh biological yield It reaches the maximum under C2(2.625kg/hm~2)treatment.(4)Zinc application increased the content of soluble sugar,crude protein and crude fat in the grains of the two varieties,and increased the starch content of Jindanuo 41 grains.The comprehensive analysis of the membership function value showed that Jinnuo 18 was treated with foliar spraying zinc sulfate2.625kg/hm~2,and Jindanuo 41 was treated with foliar spraying water-soluble zinc fertilizer 5.25kg/hm~2.The best performance.(5)The zinc content in waxy corn kernels increased with the increase in the amount of zinc spray on the leaves,and reached the highest under C3(5.25kg/hm~2)treatment.Jindanuo 41 was sprayed with water-soluble zinc fertilizer 5.25kg/hm~2.Bottom,the zinc content in the grain reached the maximum,which was 37.23mg/kg.The content of sodium,manganese,calcium,and magnesium in the grains showed a very significant positive correlation with the zinc content of the grains,the iron content of the grains had a significant positive correlation with the zinc content,and the copper content of the grains had a very significant negative correlation with the zinc content.Foliar spraying of zinc fertilizer can significantly reduce the phytic acid/zinc molar ratio in the grains and increase the bioavailability of zinc.Comprehensive analysis of the content of mineral elements and phytic acid in waxy corn grain showed that Jindanuo 41 had the best comprehensive performance under the treatment of spraying water-soluble zinc fertilizer2.625kg/hm~2.Based on the different production purposes and comprehensive consideration of the above characteristics,Jinnuo 18 can be selected for the purpose of increasing yield and income,and the water-soluble zinc fertilizer 2.625 kg/hm~2 can be sprayed on the leaf surface;Jindanuo 41 can be selected for the production of zinc-rich and high-quality waxy corn.The zinc source and spraying rate were water-soluble zinc fertilizer,2.625-5.25kg/hm~2. |
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