| Waxy corn is an important component of fresh corn,which plays an important role in improving people’s daily dietary structure and improving living standards.With the continuous extension of the waxy corn industry chain,technical measures to improve the yield of waxy maize,improve the characteristics of the ear,and enrich the nutritional quality of the grain have become an important research content.In this study,Shan Bainuo No.11and Shan Cainuo No.1954 were used as experimental materials,and the incomplete randomized block design was adopted,with planting density as the main area,and set up three levels:D1(37,500 plants/hm~2),D2(45,000 plants/hm~2)and D3(52,500 plants/hm~2);With trace elements as the sub-region,zinc(M1),selenium(M2)and water(CK)are sprayed on the foliar surface.The effects of density and zinc selenium on the agronomic traits,yield and nutritional qualities of these two waxy maize varieties were studied,and the following findings were obtained:1.At higher density,chlorophyll,leaf area,plant height and stem thickness of Shan Bainuo No.11 increased by an average of 1.34%,10.04%,1.42%and 6.00%compared with CK,respectively.Only at D2(45,000 plants/hm~2)density,the spray of zinc and selenium will increase the plant height of Shan Cainuo No.1954.With the increase of sowing density,the plant height and stem thickness,leaf chlorophyll content and total leaf area size of"stick three leaves"of the two waxy maize varieties decreased slightly,but it was not significant compared with the control,indicating that under the density gradient of this experiment,the inhibition effect of higher density on agronomic traits was not significant,and the spraying of selenium fertilizer helped to improve the agronomic traits of Shan Bainuo No.11.2.After the application of zinc and selenium fertilizer,the panicle length and bald tip length of the two varieties showed a downward trend,and the number of panicle rows and grains did not change significantly,and the panicle thickness of Shan Bainuo No.11increased by 1.26%after the application of zinc fertilizer.In addition to bald tip length,the panicle traits of the two varieties,such as net weight,panicle length,panicle thickness,panicle row number and grain count,decreased with the increase of density,but the fresh fruit panicle yield and fresh grain yield of the two varieties increased significantly.Foliar selenium spraying at D3(52,500 plants/hm~2)was beneficial to the increase of Shan Bainuo No.11 yield.However,the yield of Shan Cainuo No.1954 was slightly better than that of the control after spraying zinc fertilizer under the planting densities of D2(45,000 plants/hm~2)and D3(52,500 plants/hm~2).3.The water,crude protein and soluble sugar in the grain will decrease with the increase of the number of days after the withdrawal of males.After the zinc and selenium fertilizer treatment,the crude protein and soluble sugar content of the two varieties were decreasing,but the fat dry base was improved,the starch dry base of Shan Bainuo No.11 was reduced,and the starch dry basis of Shan Cainuo No.1954 was increased.The water,crude protein,fat dry group,starch dry base and protein dry group in the grains of the two varieties decreased with the increase of density,and the soluble sugar content of Shan Bainuo No.11also showed a downward trend with the increase of density,while Shan Cainuo No.1954 had the highest soluble sugar content at the density of D2(45,000 plants/hm~2).4.Foliar spray of zinc and selenium fertilizer will increase the zinc and selenium content in waxy corn grains.The spraying of selenium fertilizer will have a certain inhibition of the zinc content of the grain,and the selenium content in the grain will increase after zinc application.As the maturation period progresses,the selenium content gradually increases,while the zinc content decreases.Under the density of D2(45,000 plants/hm~2),the accumulation and improvement of selenium content in the grain of Shan Cainuo No.1954were better.Zinc and selenium content increases with increasing density during the fresh food period and decreases with increasing density during the mature period.Under the zinc fertilizer treatment,the density of Shan Cainuo No.1954 was manifested as D1>D2>D3,but the decrease under the D2(45,000·plants/hm~2)treatment was small.5.In addition to the selenium content in the grain,the agronomic traits,panicle traits,yield and crude protein,soluble sugar and zinc content in the grain of Shan Bainuo No.11were better than or higher than that of Shan Cainuo No.1954.The production of selenium-rich waxy corn can be used Shan Cainuo No.1954,otherwise,Shan Bainuo No.11is a more suitable for promotion of waxy corn varieties.In summary,the optimal harvest period for the two waxy maizes is 25-30 d after spitting.The production of selenium-rich corn is suitable for the use of Shan Cainuo No.1954,D2M2 or D2M1 is a better combination to improve the comprehensive performance of Shan Cainuo No.1954.Shan Bainuo No.11 comprehensive performance is excellent,suitable for promotion of planting,under the D3(52,500 plants/hm~2)planting density,foliar selenium spraying on the Shaanxi white glutinous 11 on the increase in yield has a certain positive effect,and at low(37,500 plants/hm~2-45,000 plants/hm~2)planting density,the nutritional quality and zinc and selenium content of Shan Bainuo No.11 grains after foliar selenium spraying can reach a more ideal level. |
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