| The total amount of crop straws resources in my country is abundant,and its rational disposal and resource utilization are important measures to develop circular agriculture.For a long time,straws have been mainly used in the production of living fuels,livestock feed and fertilizers in rural areas,and a few are used in industrial manufacturing and substrate raw materials.Compared with straws of grain crops such as corn and wheat,the regionality and seasonality of vegetable production are particularly prominent,and vegetable straws are larger in size and easy to become mildewed,and respond more strongly to the sequential operation of each link of storage,storage and transportation.The unreasonable disposal of vegetable straws not only causes waste of agricultural resources,but also causes a series of non-point source pollution problems in rural areas,polluting the air,infecting water sources,and directly or indirectly endangering human health.However,very little of the vegetable straws has been used as a resource at present,how much of the total vegetable straws can be used as a resource? What is the reason that affects the willingness of vegetable growers to utilize straws as a resource? How should different types of vegetable straws be placed so that they can participate in the process of agricultural recycling? It has important theoretical significance and practical value to analyze and discuss the above problems.Based on this,this paper selects Shandong Province,a major vegetable province in China,as the research area.First,it comprehensively describes the total amount of vegetable straws resources and the current situation of utilization in Shandong Province.Then,the influencing factors of straws resource utilization by vegetable growers are revealed,and then the game evolution trend and decision-making stability point of this problem are discussed from the perspective of farmers’ participation and government supervision.This paper puts forward a feasible mode of vegetable straws resource utilization and government suggestions suitable for Shandong Province,and provides a theoretical basis for further promoting the resource utilization of vegetable straws in the province.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are stated as follows:The total amount of vegetable straws,its variation trend and spatial distribution characteristics in Shandong Province were calculated by the ratio of grass to grain,and the typical cases of current vegetable straws collection and disposal methods were sorted out.The study found that in 2020,the total amount of vegetable straws resources in Shandong Province was 5.9886 million tons,and the collectible and usable amount was 2.9943 million tons;the spatial distribution of vegetable straws production showed the characteristics of“high in the west and low in the east,high in the south and low in the north”.The 3 cities of Zibo are areas with high yield per unit of vegetable straws sowing,the 4 cities of Weifang,Dezhou,Liaocheng and Zaozhuang are the areas with high per capita output of vegetable straws,and Weifang,Tai’an and Zaozhuang are the areas with high proportion of vegetable straws sowing;The “enterprise-society-agriculture” bond model,the “enterprise-agriculture”direct collection model and the retail transaction model are mainly based on the purchase,storage and transportation models.The combination of “planting,breeding and transfer”in Cuijiayu Town,Yishui County,and “multi-effect simultaneous development” in Zibo City have emerged."Promoting straw conversion is a typical straw resource utilization mode.Using a questionnaire survey from 438 individual vegetable growers and large vegetable growers from 16 cities in Shandong Province,firstly,the straw cognition and participation willingness of vegetable growers were descriptively analyzed,and then the logistic model was used to explore the participation of vegetable growers in straw collection,storage and transportation.link factors.The results show that the straw cognition level of vegetable growers from high to low is as follows: pollution cognition>protection cognition>value cognition>technical cognition,and the straw collection willingness of vegetable growers is expressed as: artificial collection>the first Three-party service>Mechanical harvesting>Home recycling>Do not deal with vegetable straws.When the transportation distance is within 3kilometers,farmers show a high degree of acceptance and active participation.Beyond this range,vegetable farmers participate in straws.The willingness of transportation links will generally decrease;vegetable growers’ understanding of straw technology,the impact of straw burning on the environment,their attitude towards burning behavior,whether there is a local straw recycling organization,the local straw policy is relatively complete,and problems can be encountered.Self-solving,whether there is a vegetable cooperative in the village,the role of the government in information,the participation of family and friends,education level,the value of vegetable straws itself,the high cost of vegetable straws utilization,straw regulations restricting farmers’ behavior,age,disability The factor of film proportion has a significant impact on farmers’ willingness to participate.Using the evolutionary game model and simulation technology,the evolution process,the stabilization strategy and the realization conditions of the government and growers’ vegetable straws collection,storage and transportation are analyzed and verified.The results of the game show that the probability of the grower being discovered,the government economic punishment,the government subsidy,the participation cost of the grower,the opportunity cost of the grower,and the income of the side-job are the main factors that affect the decision-making of the government and the vegetable grower.The best strategy choice for both parties is The government collects fines for environmental pollution to promote vegetable growers to participate in the utilization of straw as a resource;therefore,government departments should adopt a more effective punishment mechanism,strengthen environmental supervision,and at the same time accelerate the innovative research and development of vegetable straws processing technology to establish efficient The system of straw collection,storage and transportation can greatly reduce the input cost of vegetable straws resource utilization.Aiming at the above research content and conclusions,this paper puts forward suggestions for the implementation of vegetable straws resource utilization,that is,to build a vegetable straws collection model with straw brokers,retail investors,and large vegetable growers as the core and cooperatives as the link,and develop a model from farmers,brokers and cooperative organizations.To the straw storage company and then to the straw enterprise’s vegetable straws storage and transportation mode,establish a “village-township” secondary straw storage station,and implement the “stalk-for-fertilizer” incentive mechanism;in reality,in Zaozhuang,Qingdao and Tai’an areas Develop the fertilizer utilization mode of potato straws,explore the feed utilization mode of melon and pepper straws to prepare poultry feed,cabbage straws to raise earthworms and rape straws in Qingdao,Jinan and Linyi areas,and support the edible fungi mainly in Linyi,Jining and Binzhou.High-yield areas and major ginger planting areas such as Anqiu,Laiwu and Changyi build a regional connection model of comprehensive utilization of “straw-bacteria-fertilizer”,develop eggplant straw papermaking,organic plastic film and other raw material utilization models in Weifang,and in Dezhou,Jinan,Liaocheng,Zaozhuang and Tai’an and other places to promote the heating mode of straw direct combustion power generation.The development suggestions put forward in this regard are: it is recommended to improve the system of planned utilization of vegetable straws,carry out pilot projects and demonstrations of planned utilization in high-yield areas of vegetable straws,pay attention to the publicity and education of farmers and the wholeprocess management of planned utilization;strengthen the law enforcement and supervision of standardized disposal of vegetable straws,adopt “Gradual” management strategy;improve the mandatory policies,financial policies and policy incentives for the utilization of vegetable straws as resources,and provide financial support for the utilization of vegetable straws before,during and after production. |
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