Effects Of Feeding Diets With Medicated Leaven Extract On Laying Performance,weight Change And Intestinal Flora Of Laying Ducks

In order to explore the effects of medicated leaven extract on laying performance,body weight change and intestinal flora of laying ducks,different proportions of medicated leaven extract were added to the diet of laying ducks.The data of laying performance and body weight change of laying ducks were collected for statistical analysis.16 S r RNA sequencing was used to analyze the intestinal microbial composition and diversity of laying ducks.The results are as follows:1.Effects of diets supplemented with different proportions of medicated leaven extract on laying performance and egg quality of laying ducksThe experiment chose 240 female laying ducks of 170 days old,and they were divided into four groups: control group,test group I,test group II and test group III.There were 60 ducks in each group,four replications in each group,and 15 ducks in each replication.The control group was only fed with basal diet.The experimental group I,experimental group II and experimental group III were added with 500,1000 and 1500 mg / kg medicated leaven extract respectively.The preliminary trial period was 7 days and the formal period was 35 days.During the pre-feeding period,the behavior and mental status of the experimental ducks were observed to ensure that the individual differences of each group were similar.Egg production data were recorded during the experiment.After the experiment finished,16 duck eggs were randomly collected from each group and the relevant indexes were measured.The results showed that the average daily feed intake(ADFI)of the control group was the highest,which was 8.89%(P < 0.05)higher than that of test group I,10.83%(P < 0.05)higher than that of test group II and 13.12%(P < 0.05)higher than that of test group III.there were no significant differences among the three groups(P > 0.05).No significant differences in average egg weight were detected among control group,test group I,test group II and test group III(P > 0.05).The egg laying rate of test group III was the highest,increased by 10.60%(P < 0.05)compared with test group I,increased by 25.58%(P < 0.01)compared with the control group,followed by test group II,increased by 9.37%(P < 0.05)compared with test group I,increased by24.18%(P < 0.01)compared with the control group,increased by 13.54%(P < 0.01)compared with the control group.No significant difference between test group III and test group II(P > 0.05).The feed conversion rate(FCR)of test group III was the highest,followed by test group II.The feed egg ratio of test group III and test group II decreased by 24.63% and 22.29% respectively compared with the control group(P <0.01).There was no significant difference among test group I and test group II,test group III and control group(P > 0.05).The number of eggs in test group III was the highest,increased by 25.59%(P < 0.01)compared with the control group,increased by 10.56%(P < 0.05)compared with test group I,followed by test group II,increased by 24.22%(P < 0.01)compared with the control group,increased by 9.35%(P < 0.05)compared with test group I,increased by 13.60%(P < 0.01)compared with the control group,and there was no significant difference between test group III and test group II(P > 0.05).In terms of egg quality,there was no significant difference between the test group and the control group(P > 0.05).The results suggest that the diets supplemented with 1500 mg / kg of medicated leaven extract may acquire the best performance on egg laying,but 1000mg/kg was more appropriate in terms of feed conversion.2.Effects of diets supplemented with different proportions of medicated leaven extract on weight change of laying ducksThe experiment design is the same as experiment 1.On the first day of the formal period,the fasting weight of the experimental ducks was measured and recorded,and then the fasting weight of the ducks in each group was measured every other week.The weekly weight data were recorded for four weeks,and finally the average weight gain of the laying ducks in each group was calculated.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the initial body weight among the control group,test group I,test group II and test group III(P > 0.05).After feeding with medicated leaven extract,there were no significant differences in the average body weight of laying ducks in the four weeks of formal period(P > 0.05).The weight gain of control group and test group III was the highest at 26 weeks old,30.46 g and 33.53 g respectively.The weight gain of group I was the highest at 27 weeks old,which was 39.78 g.The weight gain of test group II was the highest at 29 weeks old,which was 32.77 g.The weight gain of laying ducks in group I was the most stable,and the weekly weight gain was the highest.From the overall trend,the growth rate of body weight in test group II was gradually accelerated while that in control group,test group I and test group III were gradually slowed down.The average weight gain of test group I,test group II and test group III were higher than that of the control group.The average weight gain of test group I was the highest,66.21 g higher than that of the control group,46.12 g higher than that of test group II and 55.04 g higher than that of test group III.This study found that among the three test groups,the egg production of test group I with higher weight gain was significantly lower than that of test group II and test group III(P < 0.05).In conclusion,diets supplemented with 500 mg / kg medicated leaven extract can evidently increase the weight of laying ducks,and reduce the egg production of laying ducks to a certain extent.3.Effects of diets supplemented with medicated leaven extract on intestinal flora of laying ducksThe experiment design is the same as experiment 1.The ducks were fed with pre-feeding for 7 days and formal feeding for 35 days.During the pre-feeding period,the behavior and mental status of the experimental ducks were observed to ensure that the individual differences of each group were similar.After the formal feeding period finished,five ducks were randomly selected from each experimental group.The cecal contents were collected and 16 S r RNA sequencing was performed to analyze the changes of intestinal flora structure and diversity.The sequencing results were as follows: the dominant floras of duck intestine were Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteus,among which Bacteroidetes is absolutely dominant,with an average proportion of more than 70%.There were 12 phyla and 89 genera of caecum microorganisms in T1 group,14 phyla and 95 genera in T2 group,14 phyla and 100 genera in T3 group and 17 phyla and 111 genera in T4 group.Alpha diversity analysis showed that the Chao1 index and observed-species index of T4 group was significantly higher than that of T2 group(P < 0.05),significantly higher than that of T1 group(P < 0.01),and the Chao1 index and observed-species index of T3 group was significantly higher than that in T1 group(P < 0.05).The PD-whole-tree index in T4 group was significantly higher than that in T1 group(P < 0.01).The results of beta diversity analysis showed that the difference in intestinal microbial diversity between T4 group and T1 group(P < 0.05).Based on the above analysis results,it can be concluded that diet supplemented with medicated leaven extract can improve the intestinal microbial diversity of laying ducks.Compared with the blank control group,the supplemented amount of 1000 mg / kg and 1500 mg / kg can significantly improve the intestinal microbial diversity both.In conclusion,adding a certain proportion of medicated leaven extract to the diet can improve the laying performance and feed utilization of laying ducks,had no adverse effect on egg quality,and improve the intestinal microbial diversity of laying ducks.