| Changtian A is a new three-line sterile line selected from Rongfeng A,and Hefeng A is a new three-line sterile line selected from Taifeng A.Both were selected and bred by Jiangxi Agricultural University.In this paper,the main agronomic characters,growth characteristics,outcrossing characteristics,combining ability,heterosis and rice quality of Changtian A and Hefeng A were investigated and analyzed with Rongfeng A and Taifeng A as controls.The main results are as follows:(1)The plant type of Changtian A is loose and moderate,the leaves are light green,the palea tips and stigmas are colorless,and the tillering ability is strong.The spring sowing period in Nanchang is 95 days,which is about 15 days longer than that of Rongfeng A.The pollen sterility rate was 100%,89.5% was typical failure,10.3%was round failure,and 0.2% was dye failure.Hefeng A has a compact plant type,thick and strong stems,green leaves,and colorless leaf sheaths,leaf ears,palea tips,and stigmas.The tillering power is moderately weak,and the spring sowing period in Nanchang is 65 days,which is about 10 days shorter than that of Taifeng A.The pollen sterility rate was 100%,94.1% was classic failure,5.3% was round failure,and0.6% was dye failure.(2)Changtian A bloomed on the day of heading,and entered the full blooming period on the third day.The flowering time was early and concentrated.The main flowering time was 9:30-12:00.The flowering rate before noon was 90%,which was similar to that of Rongfeng A;the stigma exposure rate was 60.7%.,the single exposure rate was 20.3%,and the double exposure rate was 40.4%,which was better than Rongfeng A’s 57.3%,17.6%,and 39.7%.The encapsulation rate and encapsulation rate were 25.2% and 56.1%,which were lower than those of Rongfeng A,22.5% and 43.3%.Hefeng A blooms on the second day after heading,and enters full bloom on the third day.The flowering time is early and concentrated.The main flowering time is 9:00-12:00.The flowering rate before noon is 92%,which is higher than that of Taifeng A.The stigma exposure rate was 77.1%,the single exposure rate was 33.9%,and the double exposure rate was 43.2%,which were better than the71.5%,32.0%,and 39.2% of Rongfeng A.The encapsulation rate and encapsulation rate were 23.8% and 50.2%,which were weaker than those of Rongfeng A(21.4%and 39.4%).(3)The GCA of Changtian A was higher than that of Hefeng A in the five traits of grain number per panicle,total grain number per panicle,seed setting rate,1000-grain weight and yield per plant.The GCA of Hefeng A was better than that of Changtian A in four traits: plant height,sowing date,effective ear and ear length.(4)Both Changtian A and Hefeng A have better competitive advantages and super-parent advantages.The combination of Changtian A has better heterosis on yield traits,and the combination of Hefeng A has better performance in other traits.(5)In terms of rice quality,the brown rice rate of Hefeng A is 78.7%,the milled rice rate is 72.5%,the whole milled rice rate is 64.9%,the rice grain length is7.7cm,and the aspect ratio is about 4.4.The chalkiness rate is 7.0%,and the chalkiness rate is 2.1%.The alkali consumption value is 6.8,the glue consistency is60 mm,and the amylose content is 15.0%.The brown rice rate of Changtian A is about 78.1%,the milled rice rate is 68.4%,and the whole milled rice rate is 53.8%.The alkali consumption value is 6.3,the glue consistency is up to 87 mm,and the amylose content is 13.0%.The appearance quality and milling quality of Hefeng A were the best among the four sterile lines,and the cooking quality of Nagata A was the best among the four sterile lines.The comprehensive rice quality of the tested sterile lines was better than that of the control sterile lines..(6)Both Changtian A and Hefeng A have good use value and promotion potential.The hybrid combinations with good comprehensive performance are:Changtian A/Guanghui 398,Changtian A/Guanghui 308,Hefeng A/Changhui T025 and Hefeng A/Guanghui 398. |
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