Structural Design And Parameter Optimization Of Forestry Small Seedling Planting Machine

Forestry development is an important part of social development,and the quality and efficiency of its development are highly valued.At present,the cultivation and planting of forestry seedlings is cumbersome,and the labor cost is high,time-consuming,labor-intensive,and seedlings are seriously damaged.Low efficiency and low technology content.Therefore,it is very necessary and urgent to improve and develop modern forestry seedling planting technology and equipment.At present,there are more researches on agricultural seedling planting machines in China,but less research on forestry seedling planting machines.In this paper,according to the planting situation of forestry 3～4 year old seedlings in the woodland environment,the structure of forestry small seedling planting machines is carried out.Design and parameter optimization studies.By studying and referring to the research results of related seedling planting machines,combined with the topographical environment of the forest area,the three-dimensional design,motion analysis,parameter determination,simulation analysis and field test of the whole machine of the mechanical structure of the small forest seedling planting machine were carried out.,the research contents are as follows:(1)Through on-the-spot investigation and research on forestry nursery bases,analyze the types of existing seedling planting machines,and determine the design plan,composition structure,transmission scheme and operating power of seedling planting machines based on the parameters of 3～4 year old seedlings and planting operation requirements.Use Solid Works software to design the three-dimensional model of the seedling planter.The forestry small seedling planting machine is composed of a crushing mechanism,a seedling transporting mechanism,a planting mechanism,a soil-covering suppressor and a traction mechanism.The crushing mechanism is responsible for crushing the soil in the forest area.The seedlings are planted in the broken soil,and the soil-covering compactor performs soil-covering and compaction operations on the planted seedlings.Each mechanism is relatively independent,which is beneficial to the improvement and maintenance of the subsequent structure.(2)Design the key components of the seedling planter.The structural composition of the soil-crushing mechanism is determined,and the influence factors of the movement trajectory of the soil-crushing knife and the soil-crushing depth are analyzed,and the force of the soil-crushing knife in the soil-crushing operation is obtained through calculation.Determine the structure and composition of the planting mechanism,establish the kinematic model of the planting mechanism,analyze and obtain the motion trajectory equation of the planting point on the planter,and determine the ratio between the rotation speed of the motor,the speed of the seedling machine and the rotation speed of the rotating disc in the planting mechanism.Determine the structural composition of the soil-covering compactor,and design the outer diameter,width and inclination angle of the soil-covering compactor without considering the inclination of the soilcovering compactor,and the soil reaction force received by the overburden compaction wheel during the operation is calculated.(3)Use Solid Works software to complete the virtual assembly of the whole machine,and there is no interference between various institutions.The motion simulation analysis of the soil crushing mechanism was carried out through ADAMS,and it was found that when the working speed ratio was 9,the working performance of the soil crushing mechanism was better,and ANSYS was used to complete the strength,modal and fatigue simulation analysis of the soil crushing mechanism,and the soil crushing mechanism was verified.Design meets requirements.The motion simulation analysis of the planting mechanism is carried out through ADAMS,and the variation range of the running speed and the turning radius of the seedling planter under the condition of satisfying the operation requirements is obtained.The strength and stiffness of the overburden compactor were simulated and analyzed by ANSYS to determine its stress,deformation and strain values during operation,and it was verified that the structural stiffness and strength of the overburden compactor met the design requirements.(4)Carry out field tests on the seedling machine to verify the planting performance of the seedling machine and optimize the parameters.Through the univariate pre-test,determine the variation range of the three independent variables of broken soil depth,running speed and turning radius,and through the orthogonal experiment,study the influence of each variable and its interaction on the lodging rate and damage rate of planted seedlings.Through the parameter optimization by the response surface method,the optimal parameter combination is obtained as follows: under the working conditions of the crushed soil depth of 162.08 mm,the running speed of 0.156m/s,and the turning radius of 860.22 mm,the lodging rate of planted seedlings is 3.18%,the rate was 3.28%,and the planting performance of the seedling machine was better at this time.