Effects Of Water And Fertilizer Conditions And Flower Organ Adjustment On Seed Production Traits Of Cistanche Deserticola

Cistanche deserticola is a perennial rooting parasitic herb of Cistanche in Orobanchace-ae.Its main host is Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon persicum.Cistanche deserticola has high medicinal value and is a valuable traditional Chinese herbal medicine.However,due to the special parasitic relationship between Cistanche deserticola and its host plants,as well as the growth environment of Cistanche deserticola and the incomplete development of Cistanche deserticola seeds,Cistanche deserticola has always been unable to mass produce and can only rely on seed reproduction,there is no complete plan for seed optimization productionn.Therefore,in 2021,this study studied the seed production of Cistanche deserticola in the base of Cistanche deserticola in BAYANHOT Town,Left Banner,Alxa League,Inner Mongolia,order to improve the yield and quality of seeds.Firstly,the effects of different irrigation and fertilization treatments on the growth,seed yield and seed size of Cistanche deserticola were analyzed;and then the effects of different pollination methods on the seed yield and seed size of Cistanche deserticola were analyzed;and the effects of thinning and different inflorescence topping methods on the growth,seed yield and seed diameter of Cistanche deserticola.The results show that:（1）The coupling of water and fertilizer could effectively improve the height and crown of Haloxylon ammodendron,That the coupling of water and fertilizer affected the inflorescence length and seed size of Cistanche deserticola,however,it had no effect on the aboveground biomass,seed yield and capsule number.Irrigation affected the aboveground biomass,seed yield and seed particle size of Cistanche deserticola,while fertilization only affected the seed particle size.The time of irrigation and fertilization had no significant effect on the inflorescence length,aboveground biomass,capsule number,seed yield and seed particle size of Cistanche deserticola.The best irrigation and fertilization treatment is W₅F₂₀₀T₁,that is,5L of irrigation and 200g of fertilizer to each Haloxylon ammodendron in May;（2）The above-ground biomass,inflorescence length,flower number,seed number and seed setting rate of cistanche deserticola under different irrigation and fertilization frequency were different,but the difference of seed yield and seed diameter was not significant;（3）the seed setting rate and seed yield of cross-pollination were the best,the proportion of seeds above 0.5 mm was 68.5%,the second was natural pollination（CK）,and the proportion of seeds above 0.5 mm was 65.7%,self-pollination,same-plant cross-pollination and free-pollination can bear fruit,but the seed yield is low and the proportion of seeds less than 0.5mm is large;（4）The seed yield per plant of Cistanche deserticola decreased with the increase of the number of parasites,but it did not need to be thinned when the number of parasites was less than 3,although thinning could increase seed setting rate,it could decrease the overall seed yield,the seed setting rate decreased obviously when 4 Cistanche deserticola were parasitized,the number of parasites could be reduced appropriately,and the seed setting rate could be increased;（5）the best seed yield of Cistanche deserticola is 12.04 g/plant and9.27 g/plant when the single row of 18 flowers and inflorescence length is 30～35 cm.Topping with different numbers of flowers in a single row is better than topping with different inflorescence lengths.Based on the analysis of various factors,irrigation and fertilization can promote the growth of Haloxylon ammodendron and Cistanche deserticola.it is the most suitable for the growth of Cistanche deserticola and improved the seed yield when the compound fertilizer of 5L water and 200g diammonium phosphate（N:P:K:18:46:0）was applied to each Haloxylon ammodendron in May.However,the frequency of irrigation and fertilization only showed a certain difference in the growth process of Cistanche deserticola,and had no effect on seed yield.Cross-pollination of Cistanche deserticola seeds yields the best,but it is not suitable for production.The natural pollination（CK）can be an alternative,it is more suitable for the production of Cistanche deserticola seeds.The fruit setting rate of Cistanche deserticola can be increased by thinning,but the thinning treatment is not necessary when the parasitic number is less than 3 plants.The seed yield of Cistanche deserticola can be increased by topping inflorescence,the way by topping counting the number of flowers in a single row,the percentage of seeds with large seed diameter is higher,but the way is too complicated,so the topping with different inflorescence length is more suitable for seed production.The above results can provide reference for the seed production technology of Cistanche deserticola in bayanhaote town of Alxa Left Banner,and can also provide theoretical basis for the research of seed standardization technology of Cistanche deserticola.