| In this experiment,30%acetone solution was used as the extracting agent to extract the grafted eggplant roots,stems and leaves respectively.The first induction treatment(irrigated roots)was carried out at the eggplant seedling stage(2 leaves and 1 heart),and the second intensive induction treatment was carried out 72 hours later.The disease indicators and physiological and biochemical indicators of inoculation pathogen-induced disease research were measured,and the allelopathic effects of different extracts on Verticillium wilt of eggplant and the induced resistance to Verticillium wilt of eggplant were studied.The main findings are as follows:1.Allelopathic effectThe colony diameter of grafted eggplant root treated with acetone extract was always smaller than other treatments and its control,8.18 mm smaller than its control and 14.81mm smaller than the total control,both of which were extremely significant.The colony diameter of Verticillium wilt of eggplant treated with different extracts from small to large was as follows:acetone extract of grafted eggplant roots<acetone extract of grafted eggplant stems<acetone extract of grafted eggplant leaves<acetone control<total control.Different extracts had certain allelopathic effects on Verticillium wilt of eggplant.The allelopathic effect of grafted eggplant root acetone extract was 32.70%,the allelopathic effect of grafted eggplant stem acetone extract was 26.82%,and the allelopathic effect of grafted eggplant leaf acetone extract was 22.96%.,the difference between the treatments is very significant.The allelopathic effects of different extracts on Verticillium wilt of eggplant were in the following order:acetone extract of grafted eggplant roots>acetone extract of grafted eggplant stems>acetone extract of grafted eggplant leaves.2.Natural pathogen challenge disease test(1)Vegetative growth index Compared with the control and total control,the plant height of the eggplant plant induced by the acetone extract of grafted eggplant roots increased by 7.31 cm and 8.11 cm,respectively;the stem diameter increased by 0.63 mm and 1.33 mm;the number of leaves increased by 0.97 and 1.27;the maximum The leaf area increased by 41.79 cm~2and 59.62 cm~2,respectively,and the difference was not significant.The vegetative growth indexes of eggplant plants after induction by different extracts were in the following order:acetone extract of grafted eggplant root>grafted eggplant stem acetone extract>grafted Acetone extract of eggplant leaves>acetone control>total control.(2)Yield determination The yield of grafted eggplant root acetone extract after induction was significantly higher than that of its control plants.The average fruit weight increased by 0.11kg,and the difference was significant.The average fruit weight per plant was significantly higher than that of other treatments and its control plants,which was 0.49kg higher than that of the total control plants.The yield of grafted eggplant stems after induction by acetone extract was significantly higher than that of its control plants.The average fruit weight increased by 0.06kg,and the difference was significant.The average fruit weight per plant was significantly higher than that of the control plants,which was0.24 kg higher than that of the total control plants;the yield of the grafted eggplant leaves induced by acetone extract was significantly higher than that of the control plants.The average fruit weight increased by 0.03kg,and the difference was not significant.The average fruit weight per plant was significantly higher than that of the control plants,which was 0.20 kg higher than that of the total control plants.The yield indexes of eggplant plants after induction treatment with different extracts were in the following order:acetone extract of grafted eggplant roots>acetone extract of grafted eggplant stems>acetone extract of grafted eggplant leaves>acetone control>total control.(3)Disease index The diseased plant rate and disease index of grafted eggplant roots after induction by acetone extract were 31.82%and 34.40%lower than those of the control,both of which were significantly different,and the induction resistance effect was 58.35%;acetone extraction of grafted eggplant stems Compared with the control,the diseased plant rate and disease index of the plants after induction were reduced by 18.21%and 18.98%,and the differences were extremely significant,and the induction resistance effect was48.56%;the diseased plant rate of grafted eggplant leaves after induction by acetone extract,The disease index was decreased by 9.90%and 14.33%respectively compared with the control group,the difference was very significant,and the effect of inducing resistance was 45.61%.The diseased plant rate and disease index of plants induced by different extracts were as follows:acetone extract of grafted eggplant roots<acetone extract of grafted eggplant stems<acetone extract of grafted eggplant leaves<acetone control<total control.3.Artificial inoculation pathogen-induced disease testThe diseased plant rate and disease index of the grafted eggplant root induced by acetone extract were 28.65%and 19.00%lower than those of the control,respectively,and the difference was extremely significant,and the induced resistance effect was 56.26%;The diseased plant rate and disease index of the plants were 19.12%and 13.22%lower than those of the control,both of which were extremely significant,and the resistance induction effect was 53.14%;the diseased plant rate and disease index of the grafted eggplant leaves after induction by acetone extract were respectively Compared with the control,it decreased by 12.47%and 6.52%,both of which were extremely significant,and the induced resistance effect was 49.52%.The diseased plant rate and disease index of plants induced by different extracts were as follows:acetone extract of grafted eggplant roots<acetone extract of grafted eggplant stems<acetone extract of grafted eggplant leaves<acetone control<total control.4.Physiological and biochemical indicators of eggplant plants after induction treatmentThe activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)in the leaves of eggplant plants all increased with With the continuation of the investigation time,it showed a trend of first increase and then decrease,and then gradually decreased after reaching the peak,but all were higher than the control.The activities of SOD,POD,CAT,PPO and PAL of the eggplant plants after induction treatment with acetone extract of grafted eggplant roots were higher than those of other treatments and the control.The activities of SOD,POD and CAT reached the peak on the third day of the investigation.The activity peaked on the fourth day of the investigation,and the MDA content was lower than other treatments and controls.The activities of SOD,POD,CAT,PPO and PAL were negatively correlated with the disease index,and the MDA content was significantly positively correlated with the disease index. |
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