Effects Of Duck-grazing And Locust-control Mode On Production Performance And Serum Parameters Of Sichuan Hemp Ducks And Gut Health

There is a large grassland area in our country,and grassland locusts are one of the main natural disasters in grassland farming and pastoral areas.It is an ideal locust control strategy to improve the efficiency of locust control by improving environment-friendly biological control methods.Duck grazing is a relatively controllable biological locust control method.In the process of duck grazing and locust control,ducks prey on locusts to improve their feeding structure and improve their nutritional level;grazing methods increase the movement of ducks,which is conducive to improving their health;Shepherd ducks are easier to manage and have a larger food intake;not only can the purpose of preventing and controlling locusts be achieved,but also chicken manure and duck manure can be used as a nutrient to enrich the soil,and can also increase economic income by selling ducks.The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of duck grazing on locust control mode on the growth performance,slaughter performance,serum parameters and intestinal health of Sichuan hemp ducks,to determine the model animal for locust control with duck grazing,and provide a basis for the realization of locust control in grassland areas.In this study,Sichuan hemp ducks with similar body weight and good health were selected as the research objects.The test is divided into a preliminary test period and a formal test period.The ducks in the preliminary test period are 21 days old to 42 days old,which aims to adapt the ducks to the grazing form and the environment of the duck house.In the formal test period,the Sichuan hemp ducks are 43 days old to 99 days old.(8 weeks in total).There were 400 experimental ducks and 400 control ducks,for a total of 800 ducks.The test results are as follows:1)The growth performance and slaughter results of Sichuan hemp ducks under different feeding modes showed that the average body weight of the flat rearing mode was higher than the average body weight of the hemp ducks under the locust control mode,which was significantly higher than that of the experimental group at the age of 57,71,and 85 days(P<0.01).The material weight ratio was 45.77% and 21.13%,85 days and 99 days old and 2.51% and 8.99% in the control group;85 and 99 days were significantly higher than the control group(P <0.01);and the leg muscle rate and abdominal fat rate were significantly better than the control group(P <0.01).2)The meat quality results of Sichuan hemp ducks under different feeding modes showed that the meat color of the hemp ducks under the locust control mode was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the tyrosine and proline contents of the breast muscles of the hemp ducks under the locust control mode were significantly higher in the control group(P<0.05),the stearic acid(C18:0),linolenic acid(C18:3n3)and eicosadienoic acid(C20:2)in the chest muscle of the test group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);palmitic acid(C16:0),stearic acid(C18:0),linoleic acid(C18:2n6c),arachidonic acid(C20:4n6)and docosahexaenoic acid(C22:6n3)were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).By analyzing the calculation results,it can be seen that the saturated fatty acids(SFA),polysaturated fatty acids(PUFA)and unsaturated fatty acids(USFA)of the leg muscle test group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.01).3)The results of serum parameters of Sichuan hemp ducks under different feeding modes showed that the aspartate aminotransferase,acid phosphatase,and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0.01).4)Under different feeding modes,the results of intestinal morphology showed that the depth of crypts in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the ileum v/c value in the control group was significantly higher than that in the experimental group(P<0.05).5)The results of the caecal intestinal digestive enzyme activities of Sichuan hemp ducks under the locust control model showed that the protein content of the duodenum and ileum contents in the flat rearing model was significantly higher than that in the experimental group(P<0.01).The ileum and jejunum of the locust control model with trypsin activity were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01),and the ileum and jejunum were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).6)The results of cecal gut microbes of Sichuan hemp ducks under different feeding modes showed that the locust control model of Sichuan hemp ducks reduced the abundance ratios of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and increased the proportion of Bacteroidetes in the cecal gut microbial composition of Sichuan hemp ducks.The chao1,observed＿otus,and shannon indices decreased,indicating that the diversity of bacterial flora was lower than that in the flat culture model.Analysis of differences between groups by T-test and LEf Se showed that there were a variety of significantly different species between the two groups,such as Desulfobacterota and Firmicutes.To sum up,the duck-grassing mode of locust control can improve the growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,intestinal development and intestinal enzyme activity of Sichuan hemp ducks.Therefore,Sichuan hemp duck can be grazing and raised in the severe mountain grassland,which should be popularized and applied.