Research On The Measurement And Influencing Factors Of Agricultural Ecological Efficiency In The Yangtze River Economic Belt

In the context of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization,the development of ecological agriculture is an important measure to implement President Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization and build beautiful villages.Ecological agriculture has green attribute functions such as carbon sequestration and ecological compensation,and plays an important role in promoting the"30·60"carbon reduction target.The Yangtze River basin holds 22%of China’s land but contributes 33%of its grain production,providing a"safeguard"for the country’s food security.However,the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization has brought about a series of environmental degradation problems such as agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus pollution,water degradation,declining farmland quality,and high CO₂ emissions.The central government’s new deployment of ecological civilization in the Yangtze River Economic Belt regards"ecological priority and green development"as an important content,striving to build the Yangtze River Economic Belt into a national ecological civilization demonstration area,which puts forward higher requirements for the ecological development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.In this context,studying the characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency changes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has important theoretical and practical significance.This thesis explores the regional differences and influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from an urban perspective.Firstly,the connotation of agricultural ecological efficiency is defined according to its connotation and agricultural production characteristics;Secondly,based on the existing literature analysis,a comprehensive efficiency measurement index system is constructed from the perspective of actual agricultural input-output;Then,based on the SBM-Undesirable model,the agricultural ecological efficiency of 110 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2020was calculated.GML index decomposition,Moran’s I index,and other methods were used to comprehensively analyze the agricultural ecological efficiency of each city in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from three dimensions:regional differences,dynamic characteristics,and spatial characteristics;Once again,the Tobit panel econometric model is used to study the driving factors of agricultural ecological efficiency in different watersheds and types of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt;Finally,corresponding policy recommendations are proposed to promote the ecological development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and improve agricultural ecological efficiency.The research conclusions are as follows:（1）Unexpected outputs such as carbon emissions and non-point source pollution generated in agricultural production have a hindering effect on the improvement of agricultural ecological efficiency.The sensitivity of agricultural ecological efficiency to unexpected outputs such as agricultural carbon emissions and agricultural non-point source pollution varies between provinces and cities.Unexpected output redundancy has a greater impact on efficiency than input redundancy,and factors such as land,fertilizers,manpower,irrigation,and pesticides in the input redundancy of production factors have a greater impact on agricultural ecological efficiency.Therefore,on the one hand,we must pay attention to agricultural non-point source pollution and agricultural carbon emissions.On the other hand,we must control the absolute amount of the use of factors with high efficiency losses,and pay attention to the efficiency of the use of various means of production.（2）The overall level of agricultural ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is not high,and there is a significant spatial autocorrelation.The growth factor is mainly driven by technological progress.The overall agricultural ecological efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is at a moderate level,with significant room for improvement.There are differences in agricultural ecological efficiency between different provinces and cities.The driving effect of agricultural technology efficiency on agricultural ecological efficiency needs to be further improved.There is a significant spatial autocorrelation in agricultural ecological efficiency,with high efficiency levels concentrated in the vicinity of Zunyi City in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and coastal areas in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River;The central and southern part of the Yangtze River basin is a cluster of cities with low agricultural ecological efficiency levels.（3）There are differences in the influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency among different watersheds and types of cities.Improving the efficiency of using electricity resources in agricultural production is the way to improve the ecological efficiency of high-efficiency urban agriculture;Promoting the development of agricultural economy,efficient and intensive management,and reducing pollution and mechanical energy consumption in the production process are the ways for medium-efficiency cities to improve agricultural ecological efficiency;In addition to promoting agricultural economic development,intensive management,reducing pollution and mechanical energy consumption,inefficient cities also need to further reduce pollution caused by oil and electricity consumption.In response to the current situation and influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency in cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt,policy recommendations are proposed as follows:firstly,reducing agricultural non-point source pollution and agricultural carbon emissions are key requirements;Secondly,driving overall coordinated development through core cities and strengthening regional cooperation;Thirdly,vigorously promote technological innovation throughout the entire process of agricultural production;Fourthly,cities should implement targeted policies based on their own agricultural development characteristics.