Design And Experiment On Transplanting Mechanism Of Duck Beak Type Bowl Seedling Planting Mechanism With Synchronous Internal Water Injection In Dry Land

In recent years,the overall planting area and yield of vegetables have shown an upward trend,and the demand for vegetables by residents is increasing day by day.Faced with the scarcity of existing land resources,the inevitable choice to meet the demand for vegetables is to develop high-yield and efficient agriculture.Compared with direct sowing,transplanting technology has innovative advantages,which can shorten the growth cycle of crops,improve the ability of crops to resist cold,drought,salinity,and pests.It not only saves costs but also has the effect of increasing yield and income.It can be seen that transplanting technology is extremely important for ensuring the demand for vegetables.Although the total amount of water resources in China is large,the per capita reserves are small.In addition,the spring drought in northern China has caused low soil moisture content,which has seriously affected agricultural production.To improve the survival rate of potted seedlings after transplantation,it is necessary to conduct water injection operations.However,manual water injection is labor-intensive and inefficient,and existing transplanting machines have low water injection accuracy and large water requirements,which cannot fully utilize water resources.In response to the existing problems of the dryland transplanting machine mentioned above and in combination with agronomic requirements,this article proposed a dryland synchronous internal water injection duckbill type bowl seedling transplanting mechanism for chili pot seedlings.The mechanism had the characteristics of precise water injection,efficient operation,and water resource conservation.The rationality of the mechanism design had been verified through field experiments.The main research content of the paper is as follows:(1)Based on the agronomic requirements of dryland bowl seedling transplantation,an analysis was conducted on the current development status of transplanting machinery at home and abroad.The overall plan and transmission plan of the dryland synchronous internal water injection duckbill transplanting machine were designed,the overall parameters of the machine were determined,and the composition and working principle of each mechanism of the transplanting machine were described.(2)In order to achieve synchronous water injection into the duckbill,the eccentric disc transplanting mechanism was improved.The selection and size design of the duckbill planter were carried out,and optimization objectives were set based on Visual Basic 6.0.A "Eccentric Disc Duckbill Transplanting Mechanism Optimization Software" was developed for the opening and closing motion of the duckbill planter.By adjusting variables,parameters that met the optimization objectives were obtained.Based on the principle of fluid mechanics,the structural parameters of the synchronous internal water injection device and the installation distance between the internal water injection device and the duck mouth bowl seedling transplanting mechanism were determined.(3)Designed and parameter set other components of the transplanting machine,combined with modern design methods,and used Solidworks to perform 3D design,complete assembly,and interference inspection on all components of the transplanting machine;The reliability of the frame structure was verified by statics and modal analysis of the frame of the transplanter under full load condition through Ansys;Through kinematics simulation analysis of duckbill transplanting mechanism by Adams,the curve of displacement,velocity and acceleration of duckbill transplanting device end changing with time was obtained,and the rationality of optimization parameters was verified;Numerical simulation of the internal water injection mechanism was conducted using Fluent to obtain the distribution law of fluid velocity field within the mechanism,verifying the correctness of the theoretical analysis of the internal water injection mechanism.(4)Based on the above analysis and calculation results,2D engineering drawings of transplant machine parts were drawn using Auto CAD,and various parts were processed and developed through mechanical processing,3D printing,and other methods.Finally,the assembly of the experimental prototype was completed.(5)Experiments and analyses were conducted on the water injection planting performance of the prototype of the duck billed bowl seedling transplanter with synchronous internal water injection in dry land.The results showed that the leakage rate was 2.8%,the seedling establishment rate was 92.8%,the planting qualification rate was 90.3%,the planting depth qualification rate was 90.2%,and the plant spacing variation coefficient was14.3%.It met the mechanical industry standard of the People’s Republic of China-dry land planting machinery,and the soil moisture content was between 70% and 90%,meeting the agronomic requirements of pepper bowl seedlings.The transplanting machine designed in this article has good synchronous water injection transplanting performance,coordinated coordination among various components,stable operation,and reasonable overall design,providing a reference for domestic synchronous water injection transplanting schemes.