Research On The Impact Of Livelihood Differentiation Of Rural Households In Bin County On The Transfer Of Cultivated Land

The country attaches great importance to the "three rural issues",and the focus of the "three rural issues" is on land,which is an indispensable element for agricultural production of farmers.With the continuous development of social economy,China vigorously develops modern agriculture and promotes the scale of agricultural operation,while the transfer of farmland is an important means to promote the scale of agricultural operation.At the same time,the urbanization process has led to the division of farming households’ livelihoods and changes in the allocation of household resources,but can the division of farming households’ livelihoods affect the transfer of farmland? Does it affect the transfer of farmland positively or negatively? How do farmers with different types of livelihood differentiation affect the transfer of farmland? A scientific and accurate analysis of the above questions is important to ensure food security and realize large-scale agricultural operation.Firstly,the theoretical foundation of this paper is laid by combing the domestic and foreign literature on the livelihood differentiation of farmers and farmland transfer,as well as the theory of farmers’ behavior,the theory of labor transfer,the theory of property rights,and the theory of economy of scale,etc.Field research is conducted in six towns of Binxi and Manjing in Binxian County,and the binary logit model is used to study the livelihood differentiation of farmers and farmland transfer using research data and related socioeconomic data.We classified the transferred farming households in Bin County and found that Bin County farming households are mainly part-time.We analyzed the individual,family,policy and village level of the surveyed farming households in Bin County,and found that the head of the surveyed farming households is mainly male,the aging situation is serious,and the education level of the head of the household is generally low;the family size of the surveyed farming households is mainly 3-5 persons,the number of family labor force is mainly 2-3persons,the education level of the family labor force is generally low,and the proportion of family pension insurance is relatively low.In terms of villages,most of the surveyed villages are within 50 km from the county town,and there are both plain and mountainous areas,and there are relatively few enterprises and other factories.Research on arable land shows that with the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization and the improvement of agricultural modernization,the phenomenon of "half-work and half-farming" has gradually become common,and "working for money and farming for food" has become the main trend of farmers’ life.The farmland transfer behavior of pure farmers tends to transfer in farmland,and there is a trend of intensification and scale of farmland;the farmland transfer behavior of part-time farmers is influenced by location to a certain extent,and non-farmers mainly transfer out farmland.In general,although farmers in Bin County have transferred their farmland,the idea of "land is the basic guarantee" is still heavy.In the process of transferring,there are problems such as unregulated transferring behavior,unstable transferring period,and no supervision of farmland transfer.Farmers’ livelihood differentiation significantly influenced willingness to transfer farmland at a positive level;age of household head,total household size,business area,availability of agricultural subsidies,and distance from the county town significantly influenced farming households’ willingness to transfer farmland at different levels.Different types of farmers’ willingness to transfer farmland were affected by different factors: policy familiarity and village topography significantly affected pure farmers’ willingness to transfer;age of the household head and business area significantly affected the willingness to transfer farmland of one part-time farmers;age of the household head,business area,total household size,availability of agricultural subsidies,and distance from the county town significantly affected the willingness to transfer farmland of two and two farmers;education level of the household head and availability of agricultural subsidies significantly affected the willingness to transfer farmland of non-farmers.The education level of the household head and the availability of agricultural subsidies significantly affect the willingness of nonfarmers to transfer their land.The higher the degree of livelihood differentiation of farmers,the more frequently farmers transfer their farmland and improve the efficiency of land resource use;the number of years of education of the household head,the total household size,the education level of the household labor force,the area of business,the availability of agricultural subsidies,the topography of the village,and the distance from the county town all significantly affect the transfer of farmland.The degree of farm household livelihood differentiation was heterogeneous across farmland operation sizes,and the degree of farm household livelihood differentiation significantly influenced farmland transfer in households with smaller operation areas.Different types of farming households have different influencing factors on farmland transfer behavior: operation area significantly affects pure farming households’ farmland transfer;the age of household head,the presence of agricultural subsidies,and operation area affect the farmland transfer of one and two farmers;policy familiarity,village topography,distance from the county town,and operation area significantly affect the farmland transfer of two and two farmers;the age of household head and operation area significantly affect the land transfer of non-farmers.Based on the above research,corresponding policy recommendations are proposed,such as improving the comprehensive quality of farmers to promote healthy differentiation of their livelihoods,implementing incentive measures to promote farmland circulation,strengthening the publicity of circulation policies,and other measures to promote farmland circulation among farmers,thereby increasing their income,ensuring food security,and accelerating agricultural modernization development.