| The flat stubble harvesting of Caragana is an important part in the process of growth and rejuvenation of Caragana.In view of the serious damage to the soil caused by the large-scale machinery produced in the process of harvesting Caragana,and the large fuel power of the largescale machinery is not conducive to environmental protection,the stems of Caragana after harvesting are not conducive to environmental protection.Due to the problems of low stalk utilization rate and serious machine sticking,this paper designs and studies the stubble flattening machine based on improving the stalk utilization rate and machine smoothness,and proposes a Caragana stubble flattening machine with tip cutting function.Cut the tip during the flat stubble operation,so as to reduce the length of the stalk and improve the smoothness of feeding,and use the young branches and old branches for different occasions.Through the test,it was obtained that the water content of the 2.5～3mm,3.5～4mm,4.5～5mm,and 5.5～6mm diameter Caragana stalks were about 55.65%,47.94%,50.82%,and 43.21%,respectively.is 0.5.Through the research and analysis of the physical characteristics of the tip of the Caragana stalk,and the single-factor shear tests of moisture content and slip angle were carried out on the universal testing machine,the influence of the two factors on the cutting of the tip of the Caragana stalk was analyzed.,the results show that both the moisture content and the sliding angle have a significant effect on the shearing of the Caragana stalk,specifically: with the increase of the water content of the Caragana stalk,the peak shear force per unit area of the Caragana stalk presents With the increase of the sliding angle,the peak shear force per unit area of Caragana stalk showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.By comparing the peak shear force per unit area of Caragana stalk under three different sliding angle knives of 20°,26.5°and 35°,it is obtained that under the three standard sliding angle knives,26.5° is the highest cutting angle.figure of merit.In order to meet the requirements of cutting test,this paper designed a cutting test system for Caragana stalks,which mainly includes cutting device,advancing device and measurement and control instruments,etc.The design calculation and analysis of key parts such as spindle strength,motor power and transmission system.Then,the orthogonal cutting test of Caragana stalk was carried out in the cutting test system designed and manufactured by ourselves,and the three-factor and three-level orthogonal test was designed using Design-Expert software.Polynomial regression model;secondly,the influence of each factor on the evaluation index was analyzed;finally,the optimal parameter combination was analyzed and verified,and the optimal parameter combination was obtained as the average cutting speed of 1.12m/s and the forward speed of 1.17m/s,the cutting inclination angle is 7.13°,and the verification test has been carried out.The test shows that the model is more reliable.Carry out overall structural design and design calculation of key components for the prototype.The tip cutting table adopts the reciprocating cutting method for cutting tip cutting,and the average reciprocating speed is about 1.12m/s,which is driven by a 2.2kW DC motor;the flat stubble cutting table adopts the double circular saw blade rotary cutting method,and the cutting speed is 1420 r /min,the corresponding line speed is 44.588m/s,and the cutting power of a single cutter head in the stubble header is 1.68 kW.Through the matching analysis of the feeding speed,it is found that the rotating speed of the feeding device should be greater than 330r/min when the diameter is 300 mm,corresponding to 5.2m /s line speed,the power consumption of a single feeding device is about 1.22 kW through calculation,and the total power consumption of the stubble header is 5.68 kW,which is driven by a DC motor with a rated power of 7kW.The kinematics simulation of the feeding roller is carried out through ADAMS to ensure that no leakage will occur under the determined operating parameters,and the dynamic simulation of the feeding process is carried out by means of rigid-flexible coupling.The height is the test factor,and the feeding force is used as the test index.The results show that the feeding effect is better when the speed is 390r/min and the tooth height is 25 mm.Finally,the trial production and test of the prototype were carried out.At the speed of 1310r/min,1420r/min and 1530r/min of the flat stubble cutter head,the effect of the machine’s forward speed,the diameter of the working object on the flat stubble net cutting rate,the cutting tip net cutting rate,the The influence of optical aperture rate and effective feed rate.The test results show that under the premise of meeting the technical requirements,in order to improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption,it is recommended to carry out stubble operation when the diameter of the stalk is 10-12 mm,and the rotation speed of the stubble cutter should be controlled at 1420 r./min,the forward speed should be about 3km/h,and the average cutting speed of the cutting head should be about 1.0m/s. |
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