Research On The Formulation Of Organic And Inorganic Liquid Fertilizer And Its Effect On Cotton

Object:As a new type of fertilizer,organic inorganic liquid fertilizer has broad application prospects under drip irrigation systems in cotton fields.In this study,different types of organic inorganic liquid fertilizers were developed according to the fertilizer needs characteristics of cotton,and the best organic inorganic liquid fertilizer formulations were selected through pot trials to verify the fertilizer efficiency of different types of organic inorganic liquid fertilizers.Based on the fertilizer efficiency,different types of organic-inorganic liquid fertilizer formulations were then designed and the best formulation ratio was verified again through field trials.This study aims to promote the development of new fertilizers and provide a theoretical basis for improving fertilizer utilization and soil fertility and crop yield in drip irrigated cotton fields in Xinjiang.Methods:In 2021,a pot experiment on the effects of different organic and inorganic liquid fertilizers on cotton growth and soil nutrients was carried out in the glass greenhouse of Beiyuanxinqu,Shihezi University,with cotton(Xinluzao 42)as the test plant material.With reference to the standard of NY 1106-2010,preparation of organic inorganic liquid fertilizer(AF)containing amino acids,organic inorganic liquid fertilizer(HF)containing humic acid using water as solvent;preparation of chicken manure organic inorganic liquid fertilizer(BF),chicken manure amino acid organic inorganic liquid fertilizer(BAF)and chicken manure humic acid organic inorganic liquid fertilizer(BHF)using chicken manure organic fertilizer leachate as solvent.A total of seven treatments were set up: CK(no fertilizer),CF(chemical fertilizer),AF,HF,BF,BAF,BHF,with the aim of screening out the best organic inorganic liquid fertilizer formulation.in the experiment on the effect of different formulation ratios of organic inorganic liquid fertilizer on cotton growth,yield and soil physicochemical properties was carried out in 2022 at the second company of the experimental field of Shihezi University College of Agriculture,based on the potting trial in 2021 Based on the best organic inorganic liquid fertilizer formulations screened in 2021,two nutrient contents of nitrogen and phosphorus ratios and two humic acid contents were set: BHF1(nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient ratio1:0.35:0.25,humic acid content 30 g/L),BHF2(nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient ratio1:0.35:0.25,humic acid content 60 g/L),BHF3(nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient ratio 1:0.7: 0.25,humic acid content 30 g/L),BHF4(NPK ratio 1:0.7:0.25,humic acid content 60 g/L),with the aim of verifying and screening the best formulation ratio through the growth and yield conditions of cotton and the changes of soil physical and chemical properties.Results:1.Effect of different organic and inorganic liquid fertilizers on the growth and soil nutrients of potted cottonThe application of different organic and inorganic liquid fertilizers increased the height and stem thickness of cotton plants,increased the content of soil organic matter and available nutrients,improved the photosynthetic capacity of cotton,promoted root growth and ultimately increased the biomass of cotton by1.92 % to 9.51 % during the spatting period compared to CF.The BHF treatment also showed the highest N,P and K uptake in cotton.By calculating the fertilizer utilization rate,the fertilizer bias productivity,agronomic utilization efficiency and fertilizer contribution of HF,BAF and BHF treatments were significantly higher than the other treatments,increasing by 11.83 % to 13.15 %,17.91 % to 18.62 % and5.45 % to 5.62 % respectively compared to the CF treatment.2.Effect of different rates of organic and inorganic liquid fertilizers on cotton growth and yield in fieldCompared with conventional fertilization(CF),the application of organic and inorganic liquid fertilizer with different proportions can improve the plant height,stem diameter,SPAD value,leaf area index and biomass of cotton at all stages,especially at the late growth stage(77 d and 87 d after emergence);it also increased the accumulation capacity of cotton for N,P and K.The BHF4 treatment showed the highest degree of increase,with 22.42 %,28.23 % and 13.40 % increase respectively compared with the CF treatment.In addition,the number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield were significantly higher in the BHF4 treatment than in the other treatments.3.Effect of different rates of organic and inorganic liquid fertilizers on the physicochemical properties of cotton field soilsAll fertilizer treatments reduced soil p H and increased soil organic matter and available nutrients content to some extent.The BHF4 treatment increased soil organic matter,alkaline digested N,available P and available K by 29.84 %,9.52 %,34.24 % and 10.47 %,respectively,in the later stages of cotton growth compared to the CF treatment.In addition,all rates of liquid organic fertilizer treatments increased fertilizer bias productivity,fertilizer utilization and fertilizer contribution.Correlation analysis showed that cotton yield was positively correlated with fertilizer organic matter,soil organic matter,soil available P and soil available K,and negatively correlated with fertilizer p H and soil p H;fertilizer humic acid was positively correlated with cotton yield,soil organic matter,alkaline digested N and available K.Conclusion:Organic inorganic liquid fertilizers developed with chicken manure organic fertilizer leachate as the solvent are more effective than organic inorganic liquid fertilizers with water as the solvent in promoting cotton growth and improving soil nutrients.Among them,chicken manure humic acid organic inorganic liquid fertilizer was the most effective for cotton in promoting cotton growth and improving soil nutrients.Chicken manure humic acid organic inorganic liquid fertilizers with the NPK ratio at 1:0.7:0.25,humic acid content at 60 g/L were the most effective for cotton in terms of growth and enrichment.Chicken manure humic acid organic inorganic liquid fertilizer with the NPK ratio at 1:0.7:0.25,humic acid content at 60 g/L had the best effect on the enhancement of soil fast-acting nutrients and its effect on cotton production is due to its activation of soil nutrients.