The Effect Of Soil Moisture On The Efficacy Of Rheum Officinale Baill. In Promoting Dampness And Reducing Jaundice

Rheum officinale Baill.is one of the original plants of rhubarb,which has the effect of purging,promoting dampness and relieving jaundice.R.officinale Baill.likes cold,cool and humid environment,which is mainly distributed in southwest China.Enshi in Hubei Province has become an important cultivation area of medicinal rhubarb because of its abundant rainfall,humid climate and unique geographical environment.Water not only dominates the growth and development of medicinal plants,but also has an important influence on the formation of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.The related reports of medicinal rhubarb mainly focus on the effects of composition,pharmacology and producing area on quality,but there are few studies on the effect of soil moisture on its efficacy.Therefore,this study takes R.officinale Baill.as the research object,based on the correlation analysis of"habitat moisture-diuretic effect"and the study of liver-gallbladder damp-heat model,to explore the effect of soil moisture on the dampness-reducing efficacy and components of rhubarb,in order to provide reference for the cultivation of R.officinale Baill.The main results and conclusions are as follows:（1）143 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine with diuresis were selected,according to Flora of China and field investigation,statistics were made on the habitat,biological characteristics and producing area distribution of the original plants of traditional Chinese medicine,and the relationship between different hydration efficiency and habitat moisture was analyzed by mining association rules.The results showed that the first five habitats appeared in the order of forest>water edge>wet place>hillside>shrub.The correlation of"diuresis effect-habitat"shows that there is a strong correlation between water,farmland,waterside,wet habitat and hydration effect,and between wet place,forest,waterside,hillside habitat and dryness and dampness effect.there is a strong correlation between forest and shrub habitats and rheumatism-dispelling effect.The distribution map of original plants and the statistics of producing areas of traditional Chinese medicine show that the producing areas of diuretic herbs are mainly distributed in humid and semi-humid areas such as southwest,South China,Central China,East China and so on.To sum up,the medicinal plants with diuresis effect are more likely to grow in a humid environment,and there is a strong correlation between the traditional Chinese medicine with different diuresis effect and the water conditions of its original plant habitat.（2）Based on evidence-based medicine of traditional Chinese medicine,the effects of different methods of constructing animal model of damp-heat of liver and gallbladder were compared.External wet environment,high fat and sugar,liquor,ANIT as pathogenic factors,set:external humidity+high fat and sugar+liquor,external humidity+high fat and sugar+liquor+ANIT,high fat and sugar+liquor+ANIT,external dampness+sweet fertilizer diet+ANIT,ANIT and control group.The living condition,body temperature,diet,body weight,liver index,pathological changes of liver tissue,liver function,inflammatory factors and oxidation level were used as evaluation indexes.The results showed that mice treated with"external dampness+high fat and sugar+liquor"showed symptoms such as lack of appetite,slow growth,dark hair,prone to lying and irritability,soft stool,yellow red urine,elevated body temperature,red and swollen eyes and moist eyes.Different damp-heat etiology+ANIT treatment could significantly increase the liver index,serum levels of AST,ALT,AKP,TBA,TBIL,DBIL,and the activities of TNF-α,IL-6 and MDA in liver tissue,while significantly decrease the activity of SOD（P<0.05）.The pathological section of liver tissue showed that the structure of hepatic lobule was damaged,cell edema,inflammatory infiltration and focal necrosis were found in each model group,and the symptom was the most obvious in the group of"external dampness+high fat and glucose+liquor+ANIT".To sum up,the model of"external dampness+liquor+high fat and sugar"can best reflect the characteristics of TCM evidence-based medicine;"external dampness+high fat and sugar+liquor+ANIT"model not only has clinical symptoms of damp-heat in liver and gallbladder,but also liver pathological changes caused by acute cholestasis,which not only meets the requirements of evidence-based medicine of traditional Chinese medicine,but also meets the requirements of pathological experiments of western medicine,it is an ideal model of combination of disease and syndrome of traditional Chinese and western medicine.（3）To explore the effects of different soil moisture on free anthraquinone content and dampness-relieving effect of R.officinale Baill.The contents of five free anthraquinones in the aqueous extract of R.officinale Baill.were studied.The contents of five free anthraquinones in the aqueous extract of medicinal rhubarb under different soil moisture(Ruh1:15.41±2.16,Ruh2:18.48±1.99,Ruh3:21.43±2.46 m³·m^-3)were determined by UPLC.The results showed that the contents of five free anthraquinones and total free anthraquinones in rhubarb in the three water treatment groups were Ruh3>Ruh2>Ruh1,and the Ruh2 and Ruh3 were significantly higher than Ruh1（P<0.05）,suggesting that there was a positive correlation between free anthraquinones and soil moisture in the range of water treatment.To study the effects of rhubarb planted under different soil moisture on body temperature,liver index,serum biochemical indexes,pathological changes of liver tissue and the level of inflammation and oxidation in hepatobiliary damp-heat model mice.The results showed that the water extract of rhubarb could significantly reduce the body temperature,liver index,serum biochemical indexes and the level of liver inflammation and oxidation in hepatobiliary damp-heat model mice.The effect of rhubarb on relieving dampness and relieving jaundice was slightly different among the three water treatments.Ruh3 group on reducing serum AST,AKP,TBIL and liver TNF-α,CINC-1 was significantly higher than that of Ruh1,but there was no significant Ruh2 treatment.Correlation analysis showed that serum AST was negatively correlated with emodin methyl ether,chrysophanol and total free anthraquinone;TBIL was negatively correlated with emodin;DBIL was positively correlated with emodin;MDA was negatively correlated with Rhein and aloe-emodin;TNF-αwas negatively correlated with aloe-emodin;CINC-1 was negatively correlated with chrysophanol,Rhein and total free anthraquinone.In summary,in a proper range of soil moisture,the content of free anthraquinone in R.officinale Baill.was positively correlated with soil moisture,and its liver-protecting,enzyme-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects were enhanced with the increase of soil moisture,which was consistent with the previous research results of"habitat moisture-diuretic effect".