The Current Situation Analysis And Technical Optimization Of Water And Fertilizer Supply Of Sugar Beet In Inner Mongolia

Beet is one of the important sugar crops in China,with Inner Mongolia ranking first in terms of planting area and sugar yield.Reasonable water and fertilizer management is the foundation for the formation of sugar beet yield and quality,This study analyzes the current situation and existing problems of water and fertilizer management in sugar beet production by investigating the amount and quality of sugar beet water and fertilizer in the main sugar beet production areas of Inner Mongolia;At the same time,design optimization measures for sugar beet water and fertilizer management,study the impact of water and fertilizer integration in different ecological regions on sugar beet morphological characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,water and fertilizer utilization efficiency,and yield and quality,and provide reasonable water and fertilizer management techniques for sugar beet production.The research results obtained are as follows:（1）This study investigated 331 sugar beet farmers in 10 league cities and 39 banner counties in Inner Mongolia’s main sugar beet production areas from 2021 to 2022,covering a total planting area of 21268.93 hm².The survey results showed that 68%of farmers had high nitrogen fertilizer input,78%had high phosphorus application for sugar beets,and 73%had high potassium application;59%of farmers have a high irrigation volume.This indicates that there are problems in sugar beet production in Inner Mongolia,such as excessive irrigation and excessive fertilizer input.（2）After the integrated optimization of sugar beet water and fertilizer in Bayannur region,the yield reached the high yield target（90 t/hm²）,while the sugar content increased by 1.87 degrees,the sugar yield increased by 10.01%,and the water and fertilizer input cost per hectare decreased by 443 yuan.Due to the increase in sugar content,the economic benefits of sugar making enterprises per hectare increased by 9097 yuan.The optimized water and fertilizer management parameters in the Bayannur region include nitrogen application rate（pure N）of 120 kg/hm²,phosphorus application rate（P₂O₅）of 150 kg/hm²,and potassium application rate（K₂O）of 150 kg/hm2;The irrigation amount is 1215 m³/hm².After the optimization of sugar beet water and fertilizer integration in Ulanchap region,without reducing production,the sugar content increased by 0.9 degrees,the sugar production increased by 5.71%,the water and fertilizer input cost decreased by 326 yuan per hectare,and the economic benefits of sugar making enterprises increased by 3809 yuan per hectare.The optimized water and fertilizer management parameters in Ulanchap region include nitrogen application rate（pure N）of 108 kg/hm2,phosphorus application rate（P₂O₅）of 135 kg/hm²,and potassium application rate（K₂O）of 135 kg/hm²;The irrigation amount is 1215 m³/hm².（3）After optimizing the integrated technology of sugar beet water and fertilizer,the productivity of sugar beet fertilizer and the production efficiency of irrigation water were improved,and the optimization of water and fertilizer significantly increased the dry matter accumulation,leaf area index,SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate of sugar beet per plant in the root and sugar growth stage,and promoted the root-to-head ratio and dry matter accumulation of root nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the sugar accumulation period.