Analysis Of Anatomical Structures Of Leaves,Sizes And Physiological Characteristics Of Chloroplasts Among17 Plant Species In Dianthus

The diversity of phenotypic traits of leaves is a concrete expression of genetic diversity.Therefore,differences of anatomical structures,chloroplast sizes and their physiological characteristics can not only reveal the genetic diversity of plant species in Dianthus,but also provide a basis for cultivation management.In this experiment,17 plant species in Dianthus were collected,and the petal phenotype and leaf anatomy,as well as chloroplast sizes in different parts of the leaves（4th,5th and 6th positions）and under different light intensities were measured.The SPAD values of 4-6 leaves and the activity of chloroplasts were studied.The results were as follows:1.According to the presence or absence and thickness of the throat circles and the depth of the marginal serrations,17 plant species in Dianthus were clustered into four classes.Class I included Dch-BRS-1,Dch-BRR-1,Dch-BRR-2,Dch-UW,Dca-Pink,Dch-FC-2,Dba-Sooty and Dkn-Yellow.ClassⅡincluded Dsu.ClassⅢincluded Dch-BRS-2,Dch-BRS-3 and Dch-BRR-3.And ClassⅣincluded Dch-BRE-1,Dch-BRE-2,Dch-BRE-3 and Dba-Red.2.The anatomical structures of the leaves were significantly different in the thickness of the leaves,the upper stratum corneum,the lower stratum corneum,the upper epidermis,the lower epidermis,the fenestra tissue,the spongy tissue among,and mesophyll cell looseness17 plant species in Dianthus.These plant species were clustered into three classes according to the above indicators.Class I included Dch-BRE-1,Dch-BRE-2,Dch-BRE-3,Dch BRS-1,Dch-BRS-2,Dch-BRS-3,Dch-BRR-1,Dch-BRR-2,Dch-BRR-3,Dch-UW,Dch and Dch-FC-2.Class II included Dba-Sooty,Dba-Red and Dsu.Class III included Dca-Pink and Dkn-Yellow.3.There were no significant differences in chloroplast sizes among the different parts of the leaves（4th,5th and 6th leaves）and among the different light intensities in the same plant species.However,significant differences were in chloroplast sizes among the 17 plant species in Dianthus.The activities of the extracted chloroplasts using the Hill reaction were significantly different among the 17 plant species in Dianthus.4.The SPAD values of the 4th,5th and 6th leaves of the 17 plant species were measured in the morning(light intensity of 872μmol·m^-2s^-1),and were significantly different.5.According to data of the anatomical structure,chloroplast size,SPAD values and Hill reaction,the 17 plant materials were clustered into four classes.Class I included Dch-BRE-1,Dch-BRE-2,Dch-BRE-3,Dch-BRS-1,Dch-BRS-2,Dch-BRS-3,Dch-BRR-2,Dch Dch-UW and Dba-Sooty.Class II included Dch-BRR-3,Dch-FC-2,Dkn-Yellow and Dsu.Class III included Dch-BRR-1,Dch,and Dca-Pink.Class IV included Dba-Red.6.Correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation among the anatomical structure,chloroplast size,SPAD,and Hill reaction data in the 17 plant species.In summary,92%of the 17 plant species was distinguished based on the cluster analysis revealed by the petal phenotype,anatomical structure,chloroplast size,values of SPAD and Hill reaction,which indicating a high abundance of genetic variation among the plant species.