Design And Study Of Seedling Raising System In Rice Field

Rice seedling raising is the key link of mechanized transplanting and the development of rice seedling raising equipment matching with mechanized transplanting is an important guarantee to realize the mechanization of rice planting.This article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the related equipment at home and abroad,combined with the agronomic requirements of rice field seedlings,in operation,low working efficiency,and in the process of seedlings line plate labor,low degree of automation,more questions as the guidance,through the theoretical calculation,mechanics analysis and bench test and field seedlings test methods,completed the field seedlings cultivation system design and experimental research.The main research contents are as follows:(1)In order to realize high efficiency operation,rice field seedlings was designed by sowing and shop/turns the soil components,drench sprinklers,driving and control system composed of rice seedlings cultivation system,the sowing and shop/covering component device including subsoil,sowing and covering surface soil unit and installed in each storage hopper is directly above the corresponding materials.According to the agronomic requirements of rice seedling breeding in rice field,the planting mode of the sowing device was determined as trough wheel,the planting mode of the subsoil and topsoil device was determined as belt.Through the design calculation,the sprinkler layout and the power of the water pump are determined.In order to ensure that the device can move parallel on the field,a 15 m span rail wagon is designed which can be connected to the device.(2)The platform test of rice seedling raising system in rice field was carried out,and the optimal working parameter combination of rice seedling raising system was obtained.Through single factor test,the influences of machine speed and sowing motor speed on seeding uniformity and grain number pass rate,the influences of machine speed and subsoil motor speed on soil uniformity,and the influences of topsoil motor speed on soil uniformity were explored respectively.When the machine speed was 0.4m/s,the sowing motor speed was 55 r/min,the subsoil motor speed was 122 r/min,and the subsoil motor speed was 50 r/min,the effect of seedling raising operation was the best.The uniformity of seeding,the qualified rate of grain number and the coefficient of variation of soil thickness were 90.06%,90.00% and 2.40%,respectively,which were better than the industry standard.(3)In order to realize the automation operation of the rice field seedling system,a control system consisting of an electronic control device,a signal acquisition module,an execution module,etc.is designed,of which the electronic control device includes the main control unit,the drive module,and the human-computer interaction module.According to the operation requirements and timing of the control environment and the various devices in the pipeline,the selection of each module of the control system and the corresponding programming design were completed,and the anti-interference design of the control system was carried out.(4)In order to verify the actual working effect of rice field seedling raising system,the field seedling raising experiment was carried out.Ten seedlings with a length of 580 mm and a width of 220 mm were randomly selected in the seedling raising field of 6000 mm and 1120 mm.The working parameters of the system were adjusted to the parameter combination of the optimal working effect obtained from the bench test.The test results were calculated and averaged.The results showed that the seeding uniformity was 91.52%,the qualified rate of grain number was 92.40%,and the coefficient of variation of soil thickness uniformity was 2.73%.Compared with the results of the bench test,the experimental deviations of the field seedling raising test were 1.46%,2.40%,and 0.33%,respectively,which proved that the control system worked normally and all working components could work together.All indicators meet relevant standards and actual production requirements.