| In view of the complex terrain of cash crop planting parks in low and gentle hills and slopes in southern China and the difficulty of existing mowers to effectively enter the operation,through the analysis of the current situation of existing mowers on the market and the terrain in hilly and mountainous areas,this paper optimized and upgraded the design and technology of the whole machine,and developed a small crawler mower with high flexibility,which can adapt to the complex terrain in mountainous areas and improve the efficiency of mechanized mowing.The main research work carried out is as follows:(1)The modular design method was used to design the overall structure of the lawn mower.According to the walking requirements under complex terrain in hilly and mountainous areas and the horticultural requirements for grass management in crop planting parks,the chassis of the lawn mower was determined to be a tracked chassis.The main parameters of the lawn mower were determined based on the working mode,and the structural composition and layout of the entire machine were determined based on the parameter indicators.The entire machine was designed,modeled,and processed and manufactured.(2)The main systems of the entire machine have been studied and designed.Based on the characteristics of mountain road walking,combined with the size requirements and layout requirements of the entire machine,a set of track walking mechanism with simple and reliable structure and compact layout has been designed.Based on the agronomic requirements of grass cultivation,a cutting mechanism with adjustable blade height was designed using theoretical calculation and simulation methods,and the conditions for no missed cutting during the grass cutting operation were studied;The overall hardware circuit system of the lawn mower has been designed.Based on the working mode of the lawn mower and the requirements for the electronic control system,the electronic control circuit of the entire machine is divided into three parts: high voltage drive circuit,low voltage control circuit,and hardware communication circuit.(3)By establishing a slope walking model of a tracked lawn mower and using theoretical analysis methods,the slope stability and geometric trafficability under slope walking conditions were studied,and the dynamic characteristics of the inner and outer tracks during slope turning walking were studied.(4)Trial production and overall performance tests were conducted on the tracked lawn mower.The overall performance test is mainly divided into two aspects: firstly,the walking performance of the lawn mower’s track chassis was tested,including extreme climbing performance test,turning radius test,straight line walking deviation test,tipping test,and obstacle crossing test,to verify the actual working performance of the chassis;The second is the mowing performance test,which involves designing orthogonal experiments to explore the effects of three factors,namely operating walking speed,cutting blade speed,and disc height,on the stability rate of cutting stubble,cutting width utilization rate,and missed cutting rate,and to optimize the optimal combination of operating parameters.All experimental results indicate that the performance parameters of the lawn mower designed in this article meet the requirements of the overall machine design and standards,and have good off-road performance and mowing performance,which can meet the actual mowing requirements in hilly and mountainous areas. |
