| Tunisian soft seed pomegranate is a kind of fruit which is very beneficial to human health.It not only contains high economic value,but also takes into account ecological value and cultural value.At present,the pomegranate industry continues to expand the scale of development,development advantages are obvious,but in recent years,in order to pursue high yield,fruit farmers do not abide by the scientific law of fertilization,ignore phosphorus,potassium fertilizer and some medium and micro fertilizer,resulting in physiological diseases of the tree,the orchard soil fertility becomes low,nutrient ratio imbalance,fruit quality is also affected,and lead to the reduction of yield,Influence pomegranate fruit market competitiveness.In view of the many problems existing in the development process of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate in Yunnan province,this experiment takes Tunisian soft seed pomegranate as material,and carries out foliar fertilization treatment with different concentrations of calcium fertilizer,magnesium fertilizer,zinc fertilizer and iron fertilizer.The effects of medium micro-fertilizer on leaf agronomic traits,photosynthetic rate,mineral element content,sucrose metabolism-related enzyme activity,fruit quality and yield of Tunisian soft-seed pomegranate were analyzed,aiming to explore the application of medium micro-fertilizer such as calcium,magnesium,iron and zinc in Tunisian soft-seed pomegranate and provide theoretical basis for it,and play a guiding role in achieving quality improvement and high-quality and high-yield planting.Specific test results are as follows:(1)Leaf agronomic traits: micro-fertilizer treatment had a significant inhibitory effect on the leaf weight of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate,0.1%Mg and 0.2%Zn significantly increased the average leaf thickness of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate,0.3%-0.5%Ca,0.2%Zn,0.1%-0.3%Fe and mixed treatment had a certain effect on the leaf area and leaf length of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate.(2)Photosynthetic pigment content: the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid treated with 0.4%-0.5% Ca,0.5%Mg,0.2%-0.6%Zn and 0.1% Fe was significantly or significantly increased at the flowering stage and young fruit stage,and the content of chlorophyll a was significantly reduced by spraying 0.6% Ca at the flowering stage;The content of chlorophyll and carotenoids can be significantly increased by spraying0.4%-0.6% Ca,0.3%-0.5%Mg,0.2-0.6%Zn,0.1%-0.5%Fe and mixed treatment at the puffing stage.(3)Photosynthetic characteristics: the daily variation of photosynthetic rate of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate presents a bimodal curve,the first peak appears at about 10 o’clock,the second peak appears at 14 o’clock to 16 o’clock,and the lowest temporal rate at 18 o’clock,except for 0.3% Mg and 0.4% Ca,the rest of the treatment can increase the peak of photosynthetic diurnal change.The micro and medium fertilizer treatments improved the photosynthetic characteristics of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate to varying degrees,reduced the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci),mixed treatment could increase the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)more than single spraying,and iron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer alone improved the photosynthetic characteristics better than calcium and magnesium.(4)Pomegranate leaf mineral element content: each fertilization treatment can significantly or very significantly increase the leaf mineral element content at different times,the flowering stage with calcium fertilizer,zinc fertilizer and mixing effect is the best,can significantly or very significantly increase the content of a variety of mineral elements,young fruit stage with iron fertilizer,zinc fertilizer and mixing effect is the best,puffing stage with calcium fertilizer,iron fertilizer and mixing effect is the best,magnesium fertilizer has a significant promoting effect on the increase of phosphorus and magnesium content in leaves.(5)Sucrose metabolism-related enzyme activity: medium and micro fertilizer fertilization treatment increased the activity of sucrose metabolism-related enzyme to varying degrees,0.3% Ca,0.4% Zn,0.1%-0.5% Fe had a significant or significant promotion effect on the improvement of S-AI activity,0.3%-0.5% Ca,0.1%-0.5% Mg,0.2%-0.6%Zn,0.3%-0.5% Fe and mixing had a significant promoting effect on the improvement of SPS activity,0.5% Ca,0.2%-0.6% Zn,0.1%-0.5% Fe and mixing had a significant or very significant effect on the increase of NI activity,and 0.3% Ca,0.2%-0.4%Zn,0.3%-0.5% Fe and mixing had a significant or very significant promotion effect on the increase of SS activity.0.5% Ca and 0.1% Mg had obvious effects on the increase of soluble sugar content in leaves of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate,and 0.1%-0.5%Mg,0.2%-0.6%Zn and 0.5% Fe had significant or significant effects on the increase of soluble protein content in leaves.(6)Fruit growth dynamics: The change of the transverse and longitudinal diameter of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate fruit was manifested as the rapid growth of fruit transverse diameter from the first measurement to the fourth measurement,and the slowdown of fruit growth from the fourth measurement to the sixth measurement period,and the treatment of medium and micro fertilizer had a promoting effect on the growth of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate,among which0.3%-0.5%Ca,0.1%-0.5%Fe and mixing were better.(7)Fruit quality and yield: micro-fertilizer treatment had obvious effects on the weight of single fruit of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate,the content of anthocyanin content,organic acid content,the number of hanging fruits per plant and the yield per plant,and the reduction of peel thickness,and the yield per plant increased by25.09%-104.13%.0.4%-0.6%Ca,0.1%-0.3%Mg,0.2%-0.6%Zn,0.1%-0.3%Fe increased the weight of 100 grains.0.6%Ca,0.1%-0.5%Mg,0.2%Zn,0.6%Zn,0.1%-0.5%Fe and mixing had a certain effect on the increase of total grain weight.The hardness of 0.3%Mg and mixed treatment of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate was significantly reduced.0.4%-0.5%Ca,0.1%-0.5%Mg,0.2%-0.6%Zn,0.1%-0.3%Fe increased the soluble solids content;The mixing treatment significantly increased the VC content of Tunisian soft seed pomegranate fruit.The soluble protein content of0.1%-0.3%Mg,0.3%Fe and mixed treatment was significantly higher than that of the control.The peel and anthocyanins of 0.5% Ca treatment were significantly improved. |
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