Influence Of Medical Nutrition Therapy For Gestational Diabetes Mellitus On Pregnancy Outcomes

Objective: To investigate the effect of medical nutrition therapy on pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods :A total of 132 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus were selected from patients admitted to our hospital from December 2020 to January 2022.According to the different willingness of patients,they were divided into control group(n=66)and research group(n=66).Pregnant women in control group refused medical nutrition therapy and only received oral education mode,while pregnant women in research group received individualized medical nutrition.Treatment modality(ie MNT modality).During the experiment,there were 2 pregnant women in the research group and 2 in the control group who were transferred to endocrinology for treatment due to poor blood sugar control,1 in the research group and 3 in the control group terminated their pregnancy early,and 1 in the control group due to household registration relocation.The problem was transferred to a foreign hospital for obstetric examination.The changes of fasting blood glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin(HbA1C),fasting insulin level,insulin resistance index(IRI)and leptin level of pregnant women in the two groups before treatment and after eight weeks of treatment were compared.Changes in low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),pregnancy outcomes,incidence of neonatal adverse events,and satisfaction in the two groups.Results:1、Before treatment,fasting blood glucose,postprandial h glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting insulin levels,insulin resistance index,leptin levels were(6.48±0.49)mmol/L、(10.63±1.24)mmol/L、(7.35±1.14)%,(24.96±1.12)mIU/L 、(7.87±0.84),(24.33±1.18),respectively fasting blood glucose,postprandial h glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting insulin levels,insulin resistance index,leptin levels were(6.35±0.43)mmol/L、(10.52±1.21)mmol/L、(7.26±1.07)%,(24.70±1.04)mIU/L 、(6.98±0.95),(24.12±1.15),respectively Compared with the two,they were not statistically significant(P>0.05).2、After eight weeks of treatment,The fasting blood glucose,postprandial h glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,fasting insulin levels,insulin resistance index,leptin levels were(4.71±0.53)mmol/L、(5.46±1.95)mmol/L、(5.98±0.27),(18.91±1.15)mIU/L 、(4.76±0.76),(18.84±1.21),respectively significantly lower(5.72±0.65)mmol/L、(6.47±2.91)mmol/L、(6.46±0.49)%,(20.25±0.96)mIU/L 、(5.09±0.87),(20.18±1.24)of the control group Compared with the two,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3、After eight weeks of treatment,LDL-C and TC in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and HDL-C was higher than that in the control group,P<0.05,and the difference was statistically significant.4、Compared with the control group(P<0.05),the proportion of cesarean section in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(8.33%),which was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).5、Compared with the control group,the total satisfaction of the study group was 96.67,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Medical nutrition therapy(MNT)has a positive impact on pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with GDM,and can reduce the incidence of cesarean section and pregnancy complications(such as gestational hypertension,polyhydramnios,premature birth,etc.),and improve patient satisfaction.And improve the glucose and lipid metabolism of pregnant women,reduce the incidence of neonatal adverse events.