| With the changes of domestic and foreign economic and social environment and the continuous promotion of China’s urbanization process,China’s urban development needs to change from “high speed”development to “high quality”development.China has released guidelines demanding various localities across the country promote urbanization with a focus on county towns in 2022.The guidelines,jointly issued by the General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council General Office,said that : As an important part of China’s urban development system,county-level administrative units are the pillar of China’s national economic and social development,and the key link in coordinating urban and rural development.Thus,taking counties as an important carrier to promote China’s urbanization development with high quality is of great practical significance for promoting China’s new urbanization construction and modernization.Shandong Province is located in the eastern coastal region of China,and there are many similarities between its provincial situation and China’s national situation,with complex landscape types,obvious spatial differentiation of economy,urbanization level close to the national average,and total GDP always ranking in the forefront of the country,but the quality of urbanization still has a certain gap with Guangdong,Zhejiang,Jiangsu and other provinces.Based on this,scientifically measuring and evaluating the urbanization quality in Shandong Province are important,because these measures are of great practical importance to explore the practical path of high-quality urbanization in Shandong Province,clarify the current situation and problems of the urbanization development in Shandong Province,make suggestions for the high-quality and sustainable urbanization development in Shandong Province,and provide Shandong’s proposal for the urbanization development in other places in China.This paper firstly summarized the current situation of urbanization development in Shandong Province;and taken 137 county administrative units in Shandong Province as the main research object,constructed an evaluation index system for the quality of urbanization in Shandong Province from 8 element layers,such as economic development,social construction,people’s life,living environment and infrastructure,etc.,and conducted a comprehensive analysis on the quality of urbanization and the evolution characteristics of spatial pattern in Shandong Province based on entropy method,spatial autocorrelation analysis and hot spot identification,etc;The strength of the correlation between the comprehensive index and the evaluation index were measured by the gray correlation analysis,and the influence mechanism were investigated;Finally,the optimization path and countermeasures were proposed according to the research results and the actual development of urbanization in Shandong Province.The conclusions of the study are as follows:Shandong Province has made a series of achievements in town construction,but there are some problems at the same time.The achievements are mainly in the steady progress of urbanization development in general,continuous optimization of urban development system,continuous improvement of infrastructure,and significant improvement of urban and rural public service level,etc.;the problems are mainly in the insufficient growth of urbanization rate,the influence of central cities needs to be improved,and the short board of urban integration development,etc.The spatio-temporal evolution pattern of urbanization quality in Shandong Province from a multi-scale perspective shows the following characteristics:(1)The quality of urbanization in Shandong Province has generally maintained an upward trend,but the spatial differences are still relatively significant.As shown by the pattern of “municipal districts >county-level cities > counties” among different types of county administrative units,and the three major urban areas in the province present the spatial pattern of “Jiaodong city circle >provincial capital city circle > Lunan city circle”,gradually forming four urbanization quality development levels of Qingdao,Jinan,Yantai and Weifang.(2)The spatial differences in urbanization quality among counties in Shandong Province are significant,with an overall spatial pattern of “four highs and four lows”,that is “high in the east and low in the west,high in the north and low in the south,high along the coast and high inland,and high along the main traffic routes but not low along the traffic routes”.The counties with higher development quality have a spatially inclined “H”-shaped distribution,that is two “southwest-northeast” directions with“Lixia District” and “Shinnan District ” as the core and one “ east-west ” directions with“Kuiwen District” as the core of a high-quality urbanization belt.(3)The spatial clustering of urbanization quality of counties in Shandong province shows a more significant spatial correlation characteristic,forming a small range of high and low clustering areas,with high clustering areas mainly distributed in some districts and counties under Jinan and Qingdao,and low clustering areas mainly distributed in some counties in the southwest of Shandong Province.The spatial clustering of urbanization quality of counties in Shandong province shows a trend of rising and then declining,that is,the spatial clustering degree increases obviously from 2010 to2015,and regional differences intensify,and the spatial clustering degree decreases from 2015 to2020,with slightly slower regional differences.(4)The pattern of cold and hot spots in the urbanization quality of counties in Shandong Province has changed significantly,and the status of cold-spot and hot-spot areas among the total of 72 counties in the province changed from2010 to 2020.The hot-spot area and cold-spot areas are more stable,and the remaining types of counties such as sub-hot spot area and sub-cold spot area change more,and some districts and counties under Jinan City and Qingdao City are the most dynamic areas for country-level urbanization in the province.The results of the investigation of the urbanization quality of county towns in Shandong Province and the influence mechanism based on grey correlation analysis show that: At this stage,the quality of urbanization in Shandong Province is more closely related to the dimensions of economic development,urban vitality,public services,infrastructure and people’s life,and the indicators contained in them have a greater impact on the quality of urbanization in Shandong Province,while the dimensions of social construction,human living environment and scientific and educational innovation are relatively weakly related to their development quality.Therefore,in the future,the counties of Shandong Province in the process of urbanization construction especially need to strengthen the development of this aspect,especially to increase the support and investment in science and education innovation,so as to enhance the sustainable development capacity of the town,and then make it achieve high-quality development.Finally,combining the empirical results of this study with the actual development of urbanization in Shandong Province,the optimized paths and countermeasures to promote their high-quality development are proposed,including: scientifically grasping the functional positioning of towns and cities to guide the development of county towns and cities by classification;promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure to cultivate and develop advantageous industries in towns and cities;strengthening the construction of urban infrastructure to consolidate the foundation of high-quality development;enhancing the precise supply of public services to improve the happiness index of people in counties;strengthening human and natural environmental protection to improve the quality of human living environment in counties;promoting the implementation of the innovation-driven strategy to stimulate the vitality of development of county towns and cities,etc. |
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