The Study On The Historical Evolution Of Chinese Lexical Construction

Causative structure is an important semantic category,and it is a hot topic at home and abroad.Using construction theory as the research object,this paper examines the diachronic development of Chinese causative vocabulary construction.Mainly from the following aspects to expand the discussion:First,the definition of the construction of Chinese causative words.From two aspects of semantics and form,this paper puts forward a method to judge the construction of causative words of verb-object type and verb-junction type.Second,the diachronic distribution of causative lexical constructions in Chinese history.Through statistical analysis of the constructions of causative words in Modern Chinese Dictionary and special book corpus,the similarities and differences of the constructions of causative words in the two kinds of corpus are investigated in detail.The results of lexicography survey show that the constructions of causative words appeared the first peak in the Tang and five dynasties,decreased slightly in the Song Dynasty,increased in the Yuan and Ming dynasties,and decreased in the Qing Dynasty.The main types of causative constructions are verb-object type and verb-object type.From Sui and Tang Dynasties to Ming Dynasty,verb-object type was dominant,but in Qing Dynasty,verb-object type ranked first.The result of the survey is similar to that of lexicography,except that the number of dynamic types is lower than verb-object types in Sui and Tang dynasties.Third,the historical evolution of Chinese causative lexical constructions.In this paper,the syntactic and semantic characteristics of X,N and Y junctions are investigated,and the synchronic distribution and diachronic evolution of verb-object and verb junction are described and analyzed respectively.Among the constructions of verb-object causative words,"Vt+N servitude" has always dominated in quantity.Different from modern Chinese,"Vt+N servitude" and "Vi+N servitude" both contain four semantic classes,focusing on the expression of "action" and "character" characteristics,while "A+N servitude" mainly contains "psychological" and "character" characteristics.In the constructions of verb knots,Vt+Y knots have long been dominant in terms of quantity,and the semantic class is relatively simple.Verbs all have the semantic feature of [+ activity],and Y is dominated by [+property][+ result].The diachronic investigation shows that the richness of causative sentences is negatively correlated with the development of lexical constructions.forth.Productive changes of Chinese causative lexical constructions.Based on a variety of productivity measurement methods,this paper examines the productivity changes of the constructions of causative words in ancient books,and probes into the word-forming potential of the constructions.The productive change of causative lexical constructions is closely related to the evolution of causative sentences,which shows the interactive evolutionary relationship between syntax and morphology.