| The proliferation of drugs is one of the ills of modern Chinese society and deserves attention.Taking the anti-drug movement in Enshi from 1938 to 1945 as the research object,this thesis attempts to sort out the participation of the Hubei provincial government,social organizations and ordinary people in the anti-drug movement during War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,examine the process of the anti-drug movement,and reveal the results of this anti-drug movement.And its impact on the construction of Enshi area and the rear of the Southwest.The inflow of drugs in Enshi area was earlier,because of its special natural environment and social background,opium is widely cultivated and harmful.From the end of the Qing Dynasty to before the Anti-Japanese War,Lin Zexu,Chen Kuilong,the Jing Guo Army,and the Nanjing National Government all carried out drug control in the Enshi area,which played a certain role.However,drug control was affected by many factors such as politics,economy,and society.Repeatedly banned drugs have seriously damaged the social and economic structure of the Enshi area,resulting in food shortages,chaotic economic order,and damage to people’s physique,making it difficult to recruit troops.At the same time,the continuous spread of drugs has also stimulated a series of social conflicts,resulting in serious local bandits,extremely corrupt social atmosphere,and profound economic and social impact in the Enshi area before the war.In 1938,the Hubei provincial government moved westward to Enshi,under the leadership of Chen Cheng.In order to ensure all aspects of construction in Enshi and the rear,and to ensure the final victory of the Anti-Japanese War,the Hubei Provincial Government launched a wartime anti-drug campaign in the Enshi area.The anti-drug campaign focused on political measures,economic means and mobilization of the people.First,anti-drug agencies and commissioners were set up,anti-drug laws were issued,and the performance appraisal of officials was creatively linked with anti-drug results.The implementation of Baojia and joint security,followed by control of transportation channels and abolition of the open market,to curb the spread of drugs from the economic level,and to carry out extensive public mobilization,will print anti-drug wall charts,publicize anti-drug through educational institutions,and strive to launch a massive nationwide anti-drug campaign sports.With the increasingly tense situation of the Anti-Japanese War,the people in the Enshi area have a high anti-Japanese sentiment,and with the arrival of social groups and a large number of young people,the civil anti-Japanese war force in the Enshi area has been further strengthened,and the anti-drug movement has been vigorously promoted from the inside.The anti-drug propaganda carried out by anti-drug associations and non-governmental organizations in Enshi throughout the country has mobilized the enthusiasm of ordinary people to the greatest extent,so that opium farmers cooperate with anti-drug agencies to eradicate opium seedlings,drug addicts enter the Xinxintang and drug rehabilitation centers,and ordinary people take the initiative to report Expose transport and drug dealers.Among them,Bajiao Township in Enshi County is a key area for drug control.This article takes this area as a case to dynamically demonstrate the process and results of the government-led and public participation in the drug control activities in Bajiao Township.By reviewing the entire anti-drug campaign,it can be seen that this anti-drug campaign has achieved considerable success in eradicating poppy seedlings,destroying drugs,and eliminating drug addiction among smokers,and has had a positive impact on the Enshi area and the rear.First of all,it ensured the stability of local finances and promoted the economic and logistical construction of Enshi and the rear;secondly,it curbed the proliferation of drugs,stabilized social order,and to a certain extent curbed the Japanese army’s poisoning policy and ensured the combat effectiveness of the army.At the same time,during the anti-drug campaign,many corrupt officials were punished,corruption within the government was cracked down,and confidence in the war of resistance was enhanced.During the anti-drug campaign,there were also problems such as obvious deficiencies in the anti-drug system,too many single-line laws,and difficulties in judicial trials.Therefore,the anti-drug campaign was mainly chaired by military and political personnel,and some anti-drug measures were radical and further It exacerbated social unrest during the war,and at the same time led to the turn of drugs that were repeatedly banned to covert,and the anti-drug campaign was unsustainable,resulting in the proliferation of drugs in the 1940 s.During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the anti-drug movement in Enshi area had obvious wartime institutional characteristics,which were manifested as follows: First,the urgency of the anti-drug movement.Second,the anti-drug campaign is led by the government and participated by the public,which is the result of the joint efforts of many parties.Third,the results of the anti-drug campaign not only affected the Enshi region,but also affected the rear of the Southwest.In 1944,Chen Cheng left Enshi,Wang Dongyuan took over as the chairman of Hubei Province,and the implementation of the ban was relaxed.In 1945,War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression was won and Hubei provincial capital was moved back to Wuhan.The Enshi area was faced with chaotic reception,financial difficulties,and low enforcement of drug control.Drugs in the Enshi area were flooded again.Until the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the State Council of the Central People’s Government promulgated the "General Order on the Strict Prohibition of Opium Smoking and Drugs".Enshi counties launched a large-scale anti-drug campaign,which achieved great results,and completely eliminated the drugs that had overflowed in Enshi for more than a hundred years. |
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