A Study On The Literacy Campaign In Shenyang In The Early Days Of The Founding Of The People’s Republic Of China

To cope with the illiteracy that existed widely in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,a thorough nationwide literacy campaign was carried out by the Party Central Committee headed by Mao Zedong.And the Shenyang literacy campaign just took place against such a background.At that time,Shenyang featured prominently as an old heavy-industry city,while,the fact that there were a large number of illiterate people in this city became an extremely tough hindrance to its economic development.Eliminating illiteracy in Shenyang,therefore,turned out to be one of the primary tasks of the Communist Party of China.The improvement of national quality plays an essential role in national development,and education promotion against illiteracy acted as the main approach to improve national quality under specific historical conditions.In this sense,carrying out the literacy campaign in Shenyang served to achieve the purpose of enhancing its people’s cultural awareness in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.Within a decade,the Shenyang literacy campaign experienced three large-scale mass upsurges under the leadership of the Party Committee,the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government,and was brought to a successful close by the end of the third upsurge,creating Shenyang into a city without illiteracy.This success is of positive significance to the consolidation of state power and economic development,and the research on this campaign would provide a profound reference for the work of rural adult education in the context of rural revitalization and the establishment of a learning society.This paper intends to give a comprehensive introduction to the literacy campaign carried out by the Communist Party of China in Shenyang in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China with the literature method and multi-disciplinary cross-learning method.It firstly outlines the background and policies concerning the rise of this campaign at that time which was based on three aspects: the low education level of the Shenyang people at that time,their desire to get rid of illiteracy and learn new knowledge,and the need for building a new socialist China.Additionally,the principles and policies of this campaign get sorted out according to its four periods.Secondly,the paper elaborates on the development process of this campaign and divides it into four periods: the initial development and the three upsurges,with detailed subdivisions in each period.Thirdly,the achievements and experiences of this campaign throughout ten years are summarized,for instance,the sharp reduction in the number of illiterate people in Shenyang,the significant improvement of Shenyang people’s quality,training of an ocean of talents for building socialism,as well as the increased cultural and educational institutions that laid a solid foundation for subsequent cultural studies.The experience gained from this campaign can be concluded as follows: it’s a core to strengthen the leadership of the party and essential to follow the mass line,combining work with actual situation provides policy support for the development of the campaign,and the combination of politics,technology,and culture is conducive to consolidating the achievements of the literacy campaign.Last but not the least,by reviewing the Shenyang literacy campaign,the paper learns from the history and briefly analyzes the enlightenment regarding the rural adult education in the context of rural revitalization and the establishment of a learning society,that is,a new concept of rural literacy education should be established for the ongoing improvement of rural residents’ overall quality in the work involving rural adult education should,and a life-long modern education system should be built to create the social atmosphere for all people to learn in the establishment of a learning society.