A Research Of The Change Of The Ideas Of "Ya" Music And Folk Music In The Court From Han To Tang Dynasty

"Ya" music and folk music are important components of ancient Chinese court music.The development and relationship change of the two music are closely related to the ideas of the ruling class in previous dynasties.This paper takes the ideas of "Ya" music and folk music in the court between the Han and Tang Dynasties as the research object,and probes into the history of ideas according to many behaviors of the ruling class in the construction of "Ya" music and folk music activities during this period.The palace "Ya" music system sprouted and shaped in the court of the Zhou Dynasty.and has occupied a pivotal position in the traditional ritual and music culture for a long time.The ruling class in previous dynasties basically carried out the construction of "Ya"music for the purpose of maintaining political stability,and the ideas of advocating "Ya"music has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.Since the fall of the Zhou Dynasty,"the collapse of rites and the destruction of music" and the rise of new voices became the main phenomena of court music life.Confucius was dissatisfied with this,and the ideas of "praising ’Ya’ music and undermining Zheng Sheng" was conceived,which had a profound impact on the development of "Ya" music and folk music and its ideas in later generations.Because the construction of "Ya" music in the new dynasty often faces the dilemma of unable to restore the tradition and the problem of reconstruction after the change of dynasties and social changes,"folk music into ’Ya’ music" has become one of the important ways for the ruling class to establish and enrich the "Ya" music system.Throughout the construction of court "Ya" music from Han to Tang Dynasties,Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "Place Zheng Sheng in the imperial court",the third ancestor of the Wei,Emperor Xiao Wu of Liu Song and Emperor Wu of Liang form the Wei Jin and Southern Dynasties integrate folk music and dance into the "Ya" music system,the rulers of the Northern Dynasty chose to build "Ya" music in the way of"entering ’Ya’ music with ’Hu’ music",the "Ya" music of the emperors of the Sui Dynasty gathered the essence of the north and South in terms of musician’s appointment and tunes,the emperors of the Tang Dynasty used folk(Hu)music materials on the basis of following tradition.The actions of the above emperors reflect ideas of they attach importance to the construction of "Ya" music,does not mind or even actively promote"folk music into ’Ya’ music".Since the Han Dynasty,although Hejian Xianwang,Ban Gu and Wang Sengqian have criticized the phenomenon of "folk music into ’Ya’ music",it is obvious that their remarks did not attract the great attention of the rulers.After the expansion of Yuefu by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty,the development of folk music expanded more and more,resulting in the proliferation of women’s music,which was alleviated by Emperor AI of the Han Dynasty.Since the Wei Jin,northern and Southern Dynasties,with the gradual increase of the types of folk music,"Hu" music entered the Central Plains.The ruling class of each dynasty realized the freshness brought by the folk music and "Hu" music,and participated in the creation,performance and other activities of folk music,which helped the prosperity and development of folk music.In addition,there are also records in the official history that the last emperor of Chen in the Southern Dynasty and the last emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty influenced the government because of their love for "Hu" music.Although folk music,as entertainment music,was labeled as " obscene music" by Confucianism at the beginning of its rise,it is generally loved by the ruling class because the entertainment of sound and color is caused by human nature.Since Confucius put forward the ideas of "praising ’Ya’ music and undermining Zheng Sheng",the relationship between "Ya" music and folk music is basically in an opposite state.With the deepening of ideological emancipation,the social status of folk music has gradually increased.During the Sui and Tang Dynasties,Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty began to divide into two parts:elegance and vulgarity,making "Ya" music and folk music in an equal position.Since then,"Ya" music and folk music have moved towards the road of symbiosis,which fully shows the ideas change of the ruling class from emphasizing the opposition between elegance and vulgarity to promoting the symbiosis of elegance and vulgarity.As a thesis on the history of ideas,this paper tries to sort out the development context of court "Ya" music and folk music from Han to Tang Dynasties,to sum up the law of the change of the concept of two music,so as to highlight the significance of man in historical research.