A Study On The Impact Of Agricultural Cooperative Movement On Farmers' Income In Guizhou Province (1951-1957

Agricultural cooperation is another significant institutional change in rural China after the land reform.Due to the transformation of the rural economic system,the income level of farmers is inevitably affected.Through academic review,it was found that there is relatively little research on the agricultural cooperation movement in Guizhou Province based on existing achievements.Most of the research focuses on a comprehensive historical review of the agricultural cooperation movement,and the reasons for the changes in farmers’ income at different stages of the entire agricultural cooperation movement are mostly explained from the perspective of productivity improvement.Therefore,the author tentatively chooses Guizhou Province as a case study to identify the factors that have an impact on farmers’ income during the development process of the agricultural cooperation movement in Guizhou Province,in order to provide a certain historical reference for the better development of China’s agricultural cooperation path in the new era.This article first reviews the historical development process of the agricultural cooperation movement in Guizhou Province,clarifying the main thread of historical development.The development process of the agricultural cooperation movement in Guizhou Province is basically the same as that of other provinces,and has gone through three stages: mutual aid groups,primary cooperatives,and senior cooperatives.Except for some ethnic areas under the care of the state,the progress is slightly slower,and other regions basically completed the agricultural cooperation movement in 1957.Afterwards,this article analyzed the changes in farmers’ income in three stages through material sorting,and depicted the changes in farmers’ income throughout the agricultural cooperation movement through images.It was found that the changes in farmers’ income varied at different stages,but showed an overall upward trend.Finally,this article focuses on analyzing some of the main factors that enhance farmers’ income in the agricultural cooperation movement.This article believes that in the mutual assistance and cooperation movement,the factors that increase farmers’ income mainly focus on production and distribution.In terms of production,the agricultural productivity factors in rural areas have been reorganized,and farmers’ mutual assistance labor has gradually been organized and concentrated according to production plans.At this time,large-scale production and the construction of water conservancy and other activities that require a large amount of labor input can be carried out,greatly improving agricultural productivity.In addition,cooperatives actively experiment and promote advanced agricultural production technologies,vigorously distribute new agricultural tools,and train members to learn how to use and maintain them,effectively reducing management costs and quickly popularizing science and technology in agricultural production,which is greatly beneficial for improving output.In terms of distribution,with the deepening of the cooperative movement,land remuneration has been gradually cancelled,and other agricultural means of production have also been "converted from private to public" through discount into cooperatives.The distribution of income mainly follows the principle of "distribution according to work".In the specific distribution,the cooperatives also adhere to the principle of "less deduction and more distribution",reduce the burden of farmers,distribute most of the income of the cooperatives to farmers,and emphasize the need to increase the income of more than 90% of farmers,which will have to transfer the output of some well developed Production team to subsidize the Production team with less output,so as to improve the income level of most people.On the whole,in the agricultural cooperative movement,the CPC can try its best to take into account the development needs of individual farmers under the background of safeguarding the national and collective interests,and agricultural production cooperatives strive to improve the income level of members.During the period of agricultural cooperation,due to the development of agricultural production and the government’s grasp of the distribution system,the overall level of farmers’ income showed an upward trend in most years.