Research On Habermas's Genetic Ethic

The development of gene technology has unlocked the mystery of life development and brought great convenience to human society.Not only will we have better crops and higher productivity,but we will also have solutions to genetic diseases that have plagued mankind for so long.Gene technology has effectively increased human well-being and improved the quality of human life in terms of gene monitoring,disease prevention and treatment.,however,the development prospect of the technology also has a lot of risks and challenges,the use of human gene technology enables people to by modifying,the design of embryonic genome so as to change the status quo of offspring,get yourself an ideal offspring,this kind of genetic intervention for human life of traditional ethics and values caused great shock.Moreover,the research and application of this technology,if not restricted,will bring irreversible consequences to the future of mankind.Liberal eugenics aimed at enhancing human beings is a typical manifestation of the risk of genetic intervention,in which parents modify the genetic material of embryos to design the characteristics of offspring and modify the traits of offspring entirely according to their own preferences.Habermas was deeply worried about this,and he reflected on the impact of technology on traditional rationality and values from the perspective of the future of human nature,and strongly criticized liberal eugenics.Habermas did not completely abandon the development of genetic intervention technology.He distinguished between positive and negative eugenics and recognized the development of negative eugenics for therapeutic purposes,which he believed should be universally recognized as the prevention of evil for the purpose of human health.But habermas did not approve of the development and application of positive eugenics.Foundation on the theory of communicative action,he think that humans are in their relations with others and the outside world grow into their own,in the process of human embryo genetic enhancements as a willingness to third party intervention design behavior,not only affect human self understanding and self cognition,members of a species is violated by the designer’s subjectivity and transfer the responsibility of the action subject.In addition,by distinguishing natural growth from artificial production,Habermas regarded the enhancement behavior of human beings by genetic intervention as instrumentalization of human beings,which not only caused human alienation but also stimulated human beings’ desire to control nature.Finally,Starting from the impact of technology on human values such as freedom and dignity,equality relations,intergenerational ethical relations and rights and obligations relations,Habermas analyzed a series of potential risks and crises of technology application and expressed profound concerns.He discusses the outlet and limit of technological development from the perspective of communicative action theory,which provides a new perspective for the analysis and solution of genetic ethical problems.He called for a line to be drawn between negative eugenics and positive eugenics,so that the use of genetic technology would be limited to clinical treatment.At the same time,he from the perspective of communication,personal perspective of claims should put the "I" into a "we" the perspective of intersubjectivity,starting from the relationship of equality,symmetrical,and the medium of language,through the community to negotiate with the universality of the ethics about the new consensus that dialogue,which provide new background for the development of new technology and ethical framework.At the same time,he advocated that the traditional technical rationality dominated by teleology should be transformed into communicative rationality,and each other should be regarded as equal members of the community in the socialized communication process,and the manipulation and instrumentalization of other lives under the application of gene technology should be avoided.