A Study On Auxiliary Verbs In The View Of Occidentals In China In The First Half Of The Twentieth Century

In the CFL(Chinese as a foreign language)textbooks compiled by Western scholars in the the first half of the twentieth century,the verbs such as "will","can" and "may" in the traditional sense were not included in the scope of Auxiliary Verbs but the verb complements "lai"(来),"qu"(去),"shang"(上)and "chu"(出),the structural auxiliary words "de"(得),and the dynamic auxiliary words "zhe"(着)and "le"(了)in Chinese grammatical concepts.The motivation of this definition includes the original understanding of the role of auxiliary verbs in Western language cogitation,as well as the practical factors of the difficulty of the concept of "complement" in Chinese for Western learners to master,which has a large space for research.This study takes the history of Chinese linguistics and Chinese teaching in the world as the field of vision,and takes the inductive and comparative methods as the main research methods.It conducts research under the support of knowledge systems and theories of linguistics,international sinology and other disciplines.This study investigates five CFL textbooks edited by occidentals in China,A Course of Mandarin Lessons,Based on Idiom(1906),Mandarin Primary(1915),A Mandarin Primer(1938),Introduction to Spoken Chinese(1940),Chinese Language Lessons(1943),and analyze the descriptions of auxiliary verbs and discuss the grammatical notes,exercises,introductions,and texts on the concept,scope,classification,and syntactic functions of the grammar points,and summarizes the similarities and differences of the above textbooks based on the concept of part of speech,sentence structure and usage.The research shows that,firstly,the basic concept of auxiliary verbs among Western scholars has a relatively large commonality: Auxiliary verbs are important sentence construction components,collocated with other verbs in a sentence,and play a role in the direction,tense,mood,etc.of verbs.Words with supplementary or limited auxiliary functions are usually closely combined with the main verb and can be regarded as a solidified word.Secondly,regarding the concept of auxiliary verbs,there is a clear distinction between Chinese and Western grammatical views: CFL textbooks edited by scholars from occidentals in China mainly define and classify auxiliary verbs from the perspective of the use and function of vocabulary.The main points considered in the textbooks are whether the vocabulary can be matched with the main verbs,and whether the tense,direction,tone,etc.of the main verbs can be modified or limited.For the above-mentioned parts of speech in the modern Chinese academia,more research is carried out from the abstract concept of the part of speech,and more restrictive conditions are given to each word according to the meaning and syntactic characteristics of the words themselves.Finally,the reason for the naming of auxiliary verbs includes the complexity and incomprehensibility of Chinese complements and the teaching orientation of CFL textbooks.