A Study On The Arrangement Of Auxiliary Verbs In TCFL Textbooks

Textbooks for Chinese as a foreign language play an important role in guiding learners’ Chinese learning.Auxiliary verbs are frequently used in modern Chinese,which are complex and controversial.They are also an unavoidable difficulty for foreign students in learning Chinese.Based on the investigation and analysis of the auxiliary verbs in the texts,annotations and exercises of Road to Success,and the results of the questionnaire survey on the mastery of auxiliary verbs by the users of the textbooks,this paper considers the problems existing in the arrangement of auxiliary verbs in the textbooks,hoping to provide some reference for the compilation of teaching materials for Chinese as a foreign language.Besides the Introduction,the text consists of six chapters.The first chapter describes the selection of auxiliary verbs and the distribution of auxiliary verbs in the textbook Road to Success.There are 11 words labeled as auxiliary verbs in the whole set of textbooks: "yào","néng","néng gòu","huì","kě yǐ","yīng gāi","gāi","yīng","yuàn yì","děi" and "kěn".In addition,there are five words that are not labeled as auxiliary verbs in the textbooks but as the object of our study: "xiǎng","kě néng","bì xū","gǎn" and "lè yì".Except for "kěn" and "lè yì",the remaining 14 words run through all 20 textbooks;"kěn" only appears in primary and advanced textbooks,and "lè yì" only appears in intermediate textbooks.Chapter Second combs through the texts in 20 textbooks of Road to Success and analyses the examples of auxiliary verbs,and finds that there are few or no examples of some basic auxiliary verbs in semantics,some of the positive and negative forms of disyllabic auxiliary verbs are not presented,but most of the pragmatic scenaries examples can be found in texts.Chapter Three describes and analyses the auxiliary verbs in the annotation part of the textbook Road to Success,and finds that in terms of semantics,some of the commonly used auxiliary verbs lack annotations of basic meanings,Chinese annotations are few,English annotations are biased or too rough;in terms of syntax,the introduction of auxiliary verbs is brief and easy to understand,but the features of continuous use are not mentioned,and the positive and negative forms of disyllable auxiliary verbs are lack of explanation.The explanation of the pragmatic situation of auxiliary verbs should be added.The fourth chapter describes and analyses the auxiliary verbs in the exercises of the textbooks Road to Success,involving the coverage of language points and the types of exercises.It is found that the exercises cover the semantics,syntax and pragmatics of auxiliary verbs seriously inadequately,and most of the auxiliary verbs do not have corresponding exercises;the exercises are diverse but lack of exercises related to the collocation with adverbs and discrimination of the auxiliary verbs with similar semantics.Chapter Five conducts a questionnaire survey on foreign students who use the textbook Road to Success to learn Chinese,and tests their mastery of auxiliary verbs including semantics,syntax and pragmatics.The results show that the semantic mastery of auxiliary verbs with fewer examples in texts is generally poor.The mastery of the meaning of the auxiliary verbs without comment in the textbooks is relatively poor.The auxiliary verbs with similar semantics but different degrees are easy to be confused.The negative forms of auxiliary verbs,the positive and negative forms of double syllable auxiliary verbs and the continuous use of auxiliary verbs are relatively poor.And the pragmatic expression of auxiliary verbs needs to be enriched.Chapter Six,based on the analysis of the first five chapters,puts forward some thoughts and suggestions on the arrangement of auxiliary verbs in TCFL textbooks,such as: adding the distribution of the meanings of common auxiliary verbs(like “yīngdāng”)and common auxiliary verbs;explaining the meanings as comprehensively as possible,with pertinence and reflecting individuality;supplementing the explanations of common syntactic forms;supplementing pragmatic explanations and adding pragmatic scenarios;increasing exercises,especially the identification of auxiliary verbs,and making the topics more situational.