| The construction of clans in Jizhou can be divided into two paradigms:the civilian clan and the gentry clan.The two paradigms have obvious differences in the core subject,purpose,opportunity,method and other aspects of clan construction,which reflects the differences in the patriarchal ethical practice of different stratum groups in Jizhou.The two construction paradigms of Jizhou clans are unified in the common characteristics of "form annihilation and spirit survival".The common characteristics of "form annihilation and spirit survival" of Jizhou clans also have the characteristics of organization,structure and autonomy as entity organizations,and the externalized characteristics of clan fields,ancestral halls,righteousness and so on are not obvious.It is mainly embodied in abstract,ideological and ideological ways to unite the people and establish the legal order.The characteristic of Jizhou clan is the result of the strong presence of the state in Jizhou and the objective needs of the Hebei people to construct the clan.The process of the state continuously sinking its power and strengthening the "sense of presence" in Jizhou is the process of replacing and eliminating various externalized representations and structural functions of the clans in Jizhou.In the face of the erosion of the structure,function and representation of the clan by the state,it is hoped that people can only achieve the purpose of clan construction in an abstract,ideological and ideological way.From Jizhou to North China,the "expressive,cultural and ideological" basic characteristics of the clans in North China are linked with the "form,extinction and spiritual existence" characteristics of the clans in Jizhou.The strong sense of presence in North China is also the main factor shaping the basic characteristics of the clans in North China.On the one hand,the strong "presence" of the state weakens the ability of the people in North China to construct the externalized representation of the clan,on the other hand,the people in North China do not have a strong psychological demand for the construction of the externalized representation of the clan.In South China,where the state is "not present",people actively build the "sense of presence" of the state to narrow the distance between themselves and the national orthodox order.In North China,there is no need to get closer to the state orthodox order,because the so-called "state orthodox order" originated in North China,and the "state orthodox order" is also in North China.Like their peers in South China,people in North China do not need to transform society and educate villagers with Confucian patriarchal ethics,which represents national orthodoxy,nor do they need to distinguish between barbarism and civilization with obvious Confucian patriarchal ethics externalities,so as to create the so-called "sense of state presence".The basic characteristics of the "cultural and expressive" of the North China clan are thus shaped by the powerful "present" state. |
